马铃薯新品种兴佳2号优化施肥研究  

Study on Fertilization Optimization in Potato(cv.Xingjia No.2)

作　　者：陈孝赏[1] 陈伟强 张中熙[1] 蔡东升 CHEN Xiao-shang;CHEN Wei-qiang;ZHANG Zhong-xi(Taizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Linhai,Zhejiang 317000)

机构地区：[1]台州市农业科学研究院,浙江临海317000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第7期176-178,185,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：台州市科技计划项目(15ny08)。

摘　　要：研究兴佳2号的需肥规律,为合理施肥、减少和避免不合理施肥所造成的浪费和环境污染提供理论依据。采用"3414"最优回归设计,研究氮、磷、钾施用量对马铃薯块茎产量的影响,建立相应的肥料效应函数模型。对于马铃薯高产栽培种,钾肥用量对产量的影响最大,其次是磷肥用量和氮肥用量。由此可见,增钾、控氮、适磷的施肥措施是马铃薯获得高产的有效措施。产量高于25.0 t/hm^2和利润大于2.0万元/hm^2的优化施肥方案为氮肥用量116.42~156.13 kg/hm^2,磷肥用量85.45~119.75 kg/hm^2,钾肥用量229.69~318.25 kg/hm^2。为了高产不能偏面增加肥料用量,需要将氮肥、磷肥、钾肥配施,同时应做好土壤培肥工作。马铃薯栽培中的优化施肥技术研究可采用"3414"最优回归设计。To provide a scientific basis for rational fertilization,as well as to avoid and reduce the waste pollution caused by irrational fertilization,the nutrient requirement law of potato(cv.Xingjia No.2)was studied.The effect of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer supplies on potato tuber yield was tested by employing“3414”optimum regression design method.Corresponding mathematical models were established.In high-yielding cultivation of potato,the application amount of K fertilizer had the greatest effect on potato yield,while N and P fertilizer had a minor effect.Thus,to control N,increase K and properly use P fertilizer was the effective measure to obtain high yield in potato.The optimum fertilizer combination for potato yield more than 25.0 t/hm^2 and profits more than 20000 yuan/hm^2 was nitrogen 116.42-156.13 kg/hm^2,phosphorus 85.45-119.75 kg/hm^2,potassium 229.69-318.25 kg/hm^2.Overuse of fertilizer to increase yield was not desirable.Instead,NPK fertilizers should be combined and soil fertility should be well managed.The“3414”optimum regression design could be applied to optimization techniques in potato cultivation.

关 键 词：马铃薯 肥料效应 最佳用量 兴佳2号 “3414”最优设计 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]