Are hyoliths Palaeozoic lophophorates?  

作　　者：Fan Liu Christian B Skovsted Timothy P Topper Zhifei Zhang Degan Shu 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Early Life and Environments,Department of Geology,Northwest University,Xi'an 710069,China [2]Department of Palaeobiology,Swedish Museum of Natural History,Stockholm SE-10405,Sweden

出　　处：《National Science Review》2020年第2期453-469,共17页国家科学评论（英文版）

基　　金：Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41890844,41425008,41621003 and 41720104002 to Z.Z.F.;41772002 to C.B.S.);the Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(D17013)for the continuous fossil collections of Xi’an group;supported by the Swedish Research Council to C.B.S.(VR2016–04610)and T.P.T.(VR2017–05183);Young Thousand Talents Plan of China to T.P.T.,;the Independent Innovation Project of graduate students of Northwest University(YZZ17196)to L.F.

摘　　要：The phylogenetic position of hyoliths has long been unsettled,with recent discoveries of a tentaculate feeding apparatus('lophophore')and fleshy apical extensions from the shell('pedicle')suggesting a lophophorate affinity.Here,we describe the first soft parts associated with the feeding apparatus of an orthothecid hyolith,Triplicatella opimus from the Chengjiang biota of South China.The tuft-like arrangement of the tentacles of T.opimus differs from that of hyolithids:suggesting they collected food directly from the substrate.A reassessment of the feeding organ in hyolithids indicates that it does not represent a lophophore and our analysis of the apical structures associated with some orthothecids show that these represent crushed portions of the shell and are not comparable to the brachiopod pedicle.The new information suggests that hyoliths are more likely to be basal members of the lophotrochozoans rather than lophophorates closely linked with the Phylum Brachiopoda.

关 键 词：orthothecid the Chengjiang LAGERSTATTE CAMBRIAN SOFT PARTS lophophore 

分 类 号：Q911[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]