机构地区:[1]重庆医科大学第一临床学院,重庆400331 [2]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,重庆400331 [3]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400060
出 处:《保健医学研究与实践》2020年第2期41-44,共4页Health Medicine Research and Practice
基 金:重庆市南岸区卫生计生委科研项目(2017-08)。
摘 要:目的了解重庆市某区中小学生贫血检出率及其影响因素,为防止中小学生贫血提供理论依据。方法按照多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取194名中小学生作为研究对象,测定其血红蛋白、血浆铁蛋白、转铁蛋白受体、维生素A、维生素D、锌和总蛋白水平,并对数据进行统计分析。结果研究对象贫血检出率为9.28%(18/194)。其中,小学阶段研究对象贫血检出率为3.57%(3/84),中学阶段研究对象贫血检出率为13.64%(15/110);女生贫血检出率为8.25%(8/97),男生贫血检出率为10.31%(10/97)。小学阶段研究对象的血红蛋白、血浆铁蛋白、转铁蛋白受体、维生素A、维生素D、锌及总蛋白水平分别为(134.00±7.55)g/L,(76.04±37.69)ng/mL,(3.80±0.85)mg/L,(0.53±0.11)umol/L,(15.06±5.38)ng/mL,(0.84±0.09)ug/mL及(73.09±3.67)g/L;中学阶段研究对象的血红蛋白、血浆铁蛋白、转铁蛋白受体、维生素A、维生素D、锌及总蛋白水平分别为(137.08±14.08)g/L,(83.63±66.75)ng/mL,(3.90±1.54)mg/L,(0.58±0.13)umol/L,(15.30±4.58)ng/mL,(0.82±0.10)ug/mL及(72.67±3.70)g/L。相关性分析结果显示:小学阶段研究对象的血红蛋白水平与锌的水平呈负相关,与总蛋白水平呈正相关(均P<0.05);中学组阶段研究对象的血红蛋白水平与血浆铁蛋白、维生素D水平均呈正相关,与转铁蛋白受体的水平呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论重庆市某区中小学生贫血检出率较高,政府相关部门应加强中小学生的营养监测以及微量元素补充,建议中小学校上午或下午加餐,加强中小学生营养。此外,锌、总蛋白、血浆铁蛋白及转铁蛋白受体与中小学生贫血的发生存在相关性,可考虑在未来相关研究中纳入。Objective To investigate the prevalence of anemia among primary and secondary school students in a district of Chongqing and explore its influencing factors,and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of anemia among them.Methods A total of 194 primary and secondary school students were selected as subjects according to the multi-stage stratified random sampling method,and their levels of hemoglobin,plasma ferritin,transferrin receptor,vitamin A,vitamin D,zinc and total protein were determined,and the data were statistically analyzed.Results The incidence rate of anemia was 9.28%(18/194).Among them,the incidence rate in primary school was 3.57%(3/84)and 13.64%(15/110)in middle school.The incidence rate of anemia was 8.25%(8/97)in girls and 10.31%(10/97)in boys.The levels of hemoglobin,plasma ferritin,transferrin receptor,vitamin A,vitamin D,zinc and total protein were(134.00±7.55)g/L,(76.04±37.69)ng/mL,(3.80±0.85)mg/L,(0.53±0.11)umol/L,(15.06±5.38)ng/mL,(0.84±0.09)ug/mL and(73.09±3.67)g/L,respectively.The levels of hemoglobin,plasma ferritin,transferrin receptor,vitamin A,vitamin D,zinc and total protein were(137.08±14.08)g/L,(83.63±66.75)ng/mL,(3.90±1.54)mg/L,(0.58±0.13)umol/L,(15.30±4.58)ng/mL,(0.82±0.10)ug/mL及(72.67±3.70)g/L,respectively.The results of correlation analysis showed that the hemoglobin level of the subjects in primary school was negatively correlated with the zinc level,and positively correlated with the total protein level(both P<0.05).The hemoglobin level of subjects in the middle school group was positively correlated with plasma ferritin and vitamin D levels,and negatively correlated with transferrin receptor levels(all P<0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of anemia among primary and secondary school students in a district of Chongqing is relatively high.The relevant government departments should strengthen the nutrition monitoring and micronutrient supplementation of primary and secondary school students,and suggest that primary and secondary schools add morning or afte
关 键 词:贫血 中小学生 发病率 现况 重庆市 血红蛋白 营养状况
分 类 号:R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]
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