王维、苏轼诗画观在禅学思想上的异同——以《使至塞上》及历代评论为中心  

The Similarities and Differences of Wang Wei’s and Su Shi’s Views on Poetry and Painting in Zen Thought——Centering on To the Frontier Fortress and Comments of Past Dynasties

作　　者：王廷法 WANG Tingfa(College of Chinese Language and Literature,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学文学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《闽江学院学报》2020年第1期34-40,共7页Journal of Minjiang University

摘　　要：王维《使至塞上》中的“大漠孤烟直,长河落日圆”两句,体现了诗、画一体的意境,这与其中所融入的禅学思想有关。苏轼言王维“诗中有画,画中有诗”,体现王维在诗画创作中遵循“不一不异”的大乘中道观。王维受南北二宗禅观的影响,诗画创作以悟为主,尤其画作受北宗“渐以成顿”说的影响;苏轼评王维诗画则站在南宗“顿不废渐”说的立场而言,二者皆统归于禅宗“悟入”之法。Wang Wei’s two sentences of“a wisp of smoke rises in the desert,and the round sunset falls into the river”in his To the Frontier Fortress reflect the artistic conception of the integration of poetry and painting,which is related to the Zen thought integrated into it.Su Shi said that Wang Wei’s“painting in poetry and poetry in painting”embodied Wang Wei’s Mahayana doctrine of“different from the same”in his creation of poetry and painting.Influenced by Southern Zen and Northern Zen,Wang Wei’s poetry and painting creation is mainly based on understanding,especially his painting creation is influenced by the theory of“gradual cultivation to insight to completion”of Northern Zen,while Su Shi’s comment on Wang Wei’s poetry and painting stands on the position of“insight but not abandonment of gradual cultivation”of Southern Zen.Both of them belong to the method of Zen“comprehend”.

关 键 词：王维 《使至塞上》 苏轼 《山中》 诗画观 禅学思想 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]