黄海双船变水层疏目拖网网囊网目尺寸选择性研究  

Studies on the Cod-End Mesh Selectivity of Pelagicpair Trawls in Yellow Sea

作　　者：许庆昌 李显森[1] 孙珊[1] 张孝先 XU Qing-Chang;LI Xian-Sen;SUN Shan;ZHANG Xiao-Xian(The Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Marine Fishery Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Fishery Resources and Eco-environment,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Science,Qingdao 266071,China;Shandong Haoyuntong Nets Technology Co.,Ltd,Rongcheng 264300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [2]山东好运通网具科技股份有限公司,山东荣成264300

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期53-60,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：农业农村部渔业渔政管理项目(12530016)资助。

摘　　要：为支撑《全国海洋捕捞准用渔具目录》的实施与管理,本文利用套网法在黄海区海州湾海域开展了黄海双船变水层疏目拖网网囊选择性研究。在分析渔获的基础上,运用相对重要性指数(IRI)、Logistic模型等分析方法,获得了双船变水层疏目拖网渔获物种类组成、优势种和主要渔获物竹荚鱼(Trachurus japonicus)、小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis)和带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)的选择性曲线。研究显示,随着网囊网目尺寸的增加,渔获物质量和逃逸率均逐渐增加;竹荚鱼、小黄鱼和带鱼的50%选择体长(L 0.5)逐渐增大,且L 0.5与网囊网目尺寸呈线性关系;双船变水层疏目拖网网囊最小网目尺寸按照底拖网54 mm网目尺寸标准执行偏小。根据试验结果,结合小黄鱼、竹荚鱼和带鱼最小可捕规格,变水层疏目拖网网囊最佳网目尺寸分别为65.78、78.82和67.36 mm。在目前渔业资源状况下,为保护小黄鱼等中小型经济鱼类,建议将双船变水层疏目拖网网囊最小网目尺寸(网目内径)设定为66 mm。研究结果可为我国近海捕捞渔具管理以及渔业资源的可持续发展提供理论支撑。In order to support the implementation and management of Natural Marine Fishing Gear Catalog,we carried out the production test for several voyages in Haizhou Bay to study the cod-end mesh selectivity of pair trawls.The methods of index of relative importance(IRI)and Logistic model were used to analyze the catches.The specific composition of the catch,the dominant species and the selectivity curves of the main species(Trachurus japonicus,Larimichthys polyactis and Trichiurus lepturus)were obtained.Results showed that the escape rate of the catch increased with the increase in mesh size.The L 0.5 of T.japonicus,L.polyactis and T.lepturus increased with the increaseof mesh size,and the L 0.5 was linear to the mesh size.The minimum mesh size(MMS)of 54 mm,which was made to the bottom trawling,was a little small for the pelagic trawl of pair vessels and need to be enlarged.Based on the minimum catch length of T.japonicus,L.polyactis and T.lepturus,we concluded that the optimum mesh size of the cod-end was 65.78,78.82 and 67.36 mm,respectively.In order to protect the stock population of small size fishes,it was suggested that the minimum mesh size of the cod-end need to be 66 mm.The results provided a scientific basis for the sustainable development of fishery resources and fishery management in inshore fishing.

关 键 词：海州湾 双船变水层疏目拖网 渔获物 选择性 套网法 网囊网目尺寸 

分 类 号：S972.13[农业科学—捕捞与储运]