汽车前轮定位参数超差率控制与优化设计  

Unqualified Rate Control of Front Wheel Alignment Parameters and Tolerance Optimization Design

作　　者：胡晓磊 刘银华[1] 牛志华 HU Xiao-lei;LIU Yin-hua;NIU Zhi-hua(School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiaotong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学机械工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2020年第4期123-127,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：四轮定位参数是否合格对汽车保持良好的行驶性能具有重要影响.为控制某国产车型出现前轮定位参数超差问题,基于现有装配工艺以及实际零部件制造偏差,首先采用3DCS偏差分析软件对前悬架系统开展仿真建模,研究关键安装点位置偏差对前轮定位参数的影响关系,采用贡献度分析法提取前轮定位参数的重要影响因素,进一步通过回归正交试验设计构建多元二次回归模型,揭示上述重要影响因素对前轮定位参数响应的影响规律,最后以前轮定位参数超差率为目标、以零部件制造公差等为约束,利用Matlab优化工具箱对前悬架系统零部件关键因素进行公差优化设计,有效降低了下线车辆前轮外倾角等定位参数超差率,提升该车型行驶性能。Whether the assembly precisions of wheel alignment parameters are within their tolerance zone plays a significant role in maintaining the good driving performance of vehicles.In order to control the unqualified Rate of front wheel alignment parameters in a national vehicle type,a systematic assembly process simulation and tolerance design are performed.Based on the real assembly process and actual parts’manufacturing deviations,the front suspension system is established and analyzed by using 3DCS deviation analysis software firstly.In order to study the influence of the positioning deviation of the key installation points on the four-wheel alignment parameters,the contribution analysis is used to find out the important influencing factors.Then,the multivariate quadratic regression model is constrcuted based on orthogonal regression design to reveal the relationship between the above important influencing factors and the front wheel alignment parameters.Finally,taking the minimizing unqualified rate of front wheel alignment parameters as a goal,the key factors tolerance of components of the front suspension system are optimized with the help of MATLAB toolbox with the constraints of the common manufacturing levels of the parts.The proposed design optimization is adopted to reduce the unqualified rate of front wheel alignment parameters,and the driving performance of vehicles is improved effectively.

关 键 词：前轮定位参数 悬架系统 回归正交试验设计 优化 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH124