北京市海淀区8~9岁小学生近视患病影响因素分析  

Analysis of influential factors associated with myopia of pupils aged 8—9 years in Haidian district,Beijing

作　　者：赵晶 赵建国 李长富 马萃 方新林 李琪 吴夕[3] 王凯[3] ZHAO Jing;ZHAO Jian-guo;LI Chang-fu;MA Cui;FANG Xin-lin;LI Qi;WU Xi;WANG Kai(Center for Education and Health Care of Haidian District,Beijing 100080,China;Education Committee of Haidian District,Beijing 100089,China;Peking University People's Hospital,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市海淀区教育卫生保健中心,北京100080 [2]北京市海淀区教育委员会,北京100089 [3]北京大学人民医院,北京100044

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2020年第4期471-474,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：2014年北京市教育科学规划重点课题(优先关注)(ABA14013)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市海淀区8~9岁小学生近视检出率及影响因素,为开展近视防控工作提供依据。方法2016年12月底在北京市海淀区城区采用整群抽样方法,随机抽取11所小学2241名8~9岁小学生,对其进行屈光检查、体格测量及有父母参与的问卷调查。结果北京市海淀区8~9岁小学生近视检出率为53.8%(1206/2241),其中男生近视检出率为52.3%,女生55.4%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,保持正确读写姿势频数多(OR=0.879,95%CI:0.798~0.968,P=0.009)是学生近视的保护因素;学习日平均每天上课外辅导班时间长(OR=1.408,95%CI:1.142~1.736,P=0.001)、父亲近视(OR=1.464,95%CI:1.204~1.78,P<0.001)、母亲近视(OR=1.667,95%CI:1.365~2.035,P<0.001)是学生近视的危险因素。结论北京市海淀区8~9岁小学生近视检出情况不容乐观,应采取有针对性的综合干预措施加以控制。Objective To investigate prevalence of myopia and its influential factors among pupils aged 8-9 years in Haidian district,Beijing,in order to provide basis for prevention and control of myopla.Methods At the end of December in 2016,2241 pupils aged 8-9 years from 11 primary school were recruited by using cluster sampling method.The participants were asked to fill in questionnaires with the help of parents,visual examination and physical examination were taken as well.Results The prevalence of myopia among pupils aged 8-9 years in Haidian district was 58.3% (1206/2241).The prevalence rates of myopia among boys and girls were 52.3% and 55.4% ,respectively.Multi-factor Logistic regression analysis showed that higher frequency of keeping correct reading/writing postures(OR=0.879,95% CI:0.798-0.968,P=0.009)was a protective factor of pupil′s myopia,while longer time of taking extracurricular classes(OR=1.408,95% CI:1.142-1.736,P=0.001)、Father′s myopia(OR=1.464,95% CI:1.204-1.78,P<0.001)、mother′s myopia(OR=1.667,95% CI:1.365-2.035,P<0.001)were risk factors.Conclusions The situation of the myopia prevention among pupils aged 8-9 years in Haidian District is serious.The targeted interventions should be implemented to address this issue.

关 键 词：近视 影响因素 8~9岁 小学生 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]