基于结构洞理论的服务型制造网络动态演化分析  

Analysis of the Dynamic Evolution of Service-oriented Manufacturing Network:Based on the Theory of Structural Holes Perspective

作　　者：武柏宇 彭本红 谷晓芬 WU BaiYu;PENG BenHong;GU XiaoFen(Southeast University, Nanjing 211189;Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044;Nanjing Rattle Information Technology Co. , Ltd, Nanjing 210019)

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院,江苏南京211189 [2]南京信息工程大学滨江学院,江苏南京210044 [3]南京拨浪鼓信息科技有限公司,江苏南京210019 [4]南京信息工程大学管理工程学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《财贸研究》2020年第1期82-92,共11页Finance and Trade Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“服务型制造项目网络治理的影响机理及机制设计研究”(71263040);国家社会科学基金项目“网络平台企业的开放式服务创新:生成机理、风险演化及绩效提升”(18FGL007);教育部人文社会科学研究项目“平台企业开放式服务创新风险管控研究”(18YJA630084)。

摘　　要：服务型制造网络是由制造企业、服务企业和顾客共同组成的新型网络组织,研究服务型制造在发展过程中各利益节点的结构洞指标变化对于把握各个节点的网络地位具有重要意义。基于结构洞理论,构建服务型制造网络模型,定量分析不同发展阶段主要节点的结构洞指标,并重点探讨核心企业的指标变化。研究表明,在服务型制造的发展过程中,其网络的结构洞不断得到填充;在发展初期,核心企业效率急剧下降,面临严峻考验;在进一步发展阶段,顾客地位提高,核心企业效率上升。最后以空中客车公司的服务化转型为例,对上述结论进行验证。因此,核心企业在发展初期应通过寻求广泛合作,增加冗余关系和推进网络演化;在进一步发展时期应通过识别合作伙伴,剔除冗余关系,巩固网络结构;在发展全过程应关注其他核心企业动态,强化交流互动,形成网络之间的良性竞争。Service-oriented manufacturing network is a new network organization composed of manufacturing enterprises,service enterprises and customers,and studying the indexes of structure hole of each node in different stage during the development of service-oriented manufacturing is helpful to master the importance of each node.This paper establishes a model of service-oriented manufacturing network from the perspective of structural holes,analysis the structural holes indexes of main nodes in different stages of development quantitatively,and focus on the changes of indicators in the core business.Research shows that the number of structural holes is decreasing in the entire development process of service-oriented manufacturing network;at the initial stage of development,the strengthening of links between other enterprises leads to the sharp decline of core enterprise’s control force and efficiency in the network,and the core enterprise is facing the threat of further intensified;in the period of development,the ascension of customer’s status makes efficiency of the core enterprise improve.Finally,the above conclusions are verified by the example of the Airbus Corporation’s service transformation.Therefore,core enterprises should seek extensive cooperation to increase redundant relationships and promote network evolution in the early stages of development.In the further development period,core enterprises should eliminate redundant relationships by identifying partners,and further consolidate network structure.In the whole development process,core enterprises should pay attention to the dynamics of other core enterprises,and strive to communicate and interact to form healthy competition between networks.

关 键 词：服务型制造 结构洞 演化机制 

分 类 号：F270.7[经济管理—企业管理]