冰冻圈化学:解密气候环境和人类活动的指纹  

Cryospheric Chemistry:Fingerprint to Decipher Climate/Environmental Changes and Anthropogenic Activities

作　　者：康世昌 黄杰[2,3] 牟翠翠[4] 张玉兰[1,2] 徐建中 董志文[1,2] 杜文涛 KANG Shichang;HUANG Jie;MU Cuicui;ZHANG Yulan;XU Jianzhong;DONG Zhiwen;DU Wentao(Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Resources and Environment,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院青藏高原地球科学卓越创新中心北京100101 [3]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100101 [4]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [5]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100049

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2020年第4期456-465,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委创新群体项目(41721091);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0605);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA20040500)。

摘　　要：冰冻圈化学是一门新兴学科,是冰冻圈科学的重要分支。自工业革命以来,人类活动排放的污染物深刻影响了冰冻圈的化学成分,而全球变暖导致的冰冻圈快速退缩,也影响到冰冻圈乃至全球的生物地球化学循环,并产生了显著的气候和环境效应。文章介绍了冰冻圈化学在冰冻圈科学体系中的定位,构建了冰冻圈化学的学科框架;通过举例阐明冰冻圈化学与气候和环境变化及人类活动的联系,特别是冰冻圈化学在全球变化研究中的作用;对当今冰冻圈化学相关研究热点进行了回顾和展望。冰冻圈化学研究的不断深入,将为应对人类所面临的气候和环境问题提供重要科技支撑。Cryospheric chemistry is a new discipline and one of important branch of cryospheric science.Pollutant emissions from anthropogenic activities have greatly altered the status of chemical components in the cryospheric environment since the Industrial Revolution.When this scenario is coupled with the rapid shrinkage of cryosphere under global warming,both anthropogenic activity and global warming have cooperatively influenced the biogeochemical cycling in the cryosphere and even on a global scale,which results in significant effects on climate and environment.In this paper,firstly,the role of cryospheric chemistry in the cryospheric science is introduced,and the discipline framework and research focuses of cryospheric chemistry are summarized.Secondly,the coupling relationship among cryospheric chemistry and climate/environmental changes,and anthropogenic activities,with emphasis on this relationship in the research field of global change,was exemplified.Lastly,we summarize a review and prospect of hot topics in the current research of cryospheric chemistry.The rapid development of cryospheric chemistry will provide important scientific and technological support for tackling the climate and environmental issues that challenge human survival and development.

关 键 词：冰冻圈化学 气候变化 环境污染 人类活动 生物地球化学循环 

分 类 号：X142[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P343.6