小型蓄冷式带柄鲜枸杞真空预冷装置设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Small Cooling Storage Vacuum Precooling Device for Fresh Wolfberry with Stem

作　　者：邓改革 康宁波[1] 王松磊[1,3] 刘贵珊[3] 何建国[1,3] DENG Gaige;KANG Ningbo;WANG Songlei;LIU Guishan;HE Jianguo(School of Civil Engineering and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology Yinchuan College,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]中国矿业大学银川学院信息工程学院,银川750021 [3]宁夏大学农学院,银川750021

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2020年第4期367-372,381,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大科技项目(2018BCF01001)。

摘　　要：目前,真空预冷装置体积大、能耗高,且捕水器捕水量不能适应水蒸气蒸发量等,针对上述问题,设计了一台基于盐水蓄冷的小型枸杞真空预冷装置。根据技术要求建立了枸杞真空预冷数学模型,对枸杞表面传质边界层进行了理论分析,对真空泵、真空预冷冷负荷、盐水蓄冷系统以及计算机检测系统的关键部件参数进行了设计计算,并试制出一台小型蓄冷式带柄鲜枸杞真空预冷装置。试验结果表明:该真空预冷装置能够在879 s内将8.714 kg带柄鲜枸杞的中心温度降至保鲜温度4.0℃,在补水率4.50%情况下鲜枸杞失水率为5.29%;该装置捕水器设计捕水率为75.00%,实际捕水率为79.32%;试验期间盐水箱中盐水温度从-20.1℃升高至-9.8℃,盐水所蓄冷量保证了真空预冷过程的顺利完成,通过调节盐水泵、改变盐水循环速度实现了捕水器捕水量与水蒸气蒸发量的平衡,满足设计要求。At present,the vacuum pre-cooling device has a large volume,high energy consumption,and the water catching capacity of the water trap can not be well adapted to the problem of evaporation of water vapor. In order to solve the above problems,a small-scale wolfberry vacuum precooling device based on brine storage was designed. According to the technical requirements,the mathematical model of vacuum precooling was established. The theoretical analysis of the surface mass transfer resistance layer was carried out. The key parameters of the vacuum pump,vacuum precooling and cooling load,brine storage system and computer detection system were designed and calculated. Finally,a small cooling storage vacuum precooling device for fresh wolfberry with stem was produced. The experimental results showed that the vacuum precooling device can reduce the center temperature of 8. 714 kg fresh wolfberry to the preservation temperature of 4. 0℃ in 879 s,and the water loss rate was 5. 29% when the water replenishment rate was 4. 50%. The water trap of the device was designed to have a water catch rate of75. 00%,and the actual water catch rate was 79. 32%. The brine temperature in the brine tank was increased from-20. 1℃ to-9. 8℃ during the test. The cold storage capacity of the brine in the tank can ensure the smooth completion of the vacuum pre-cooling process. By adjusting the brine pump to change the brine circulation speed,the balance between the catchment of the water trap and the evaporation of water vapor was achieved,which met the design requirements.

关 键 词：带柄鲜枸杞 真空预冷 盐水蓄冷 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学] S379.9[农业科学—园艺学]