中国古代高温釉钙质原料显微结构特征研究  

Microstructure characteristics of calcium materials in traditional Chinese high temperature glaze

作　　者：李媛[1] 李合[1] 丁银忠[1] 康葆强[1] 史宁昌[1] LI Yuan;LI He;DING Yinzhong;KANG Baoqiang;SHI Ningchang(Conservation Department,The Palace Museum,Beijing 100009,China)

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院文保科技部,北京100009

出　　处：《广西科技大学学报》2020年第2期1-7,46,共8页Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51402054,51702054)资助.

摘　　要：中国古代高温釉中钙质原料的来源历来是古陶瓷原料研究的重点,以往多以瓷釉中的磷、锰、镁等元素含量及锶同位素的差别作为判别依据.结合模拟实验,从显微分析的角度,总结典型高温釉显微结构特征,探索钙质原料的判别标准,并以春秋战国原始瓷、五代越窑、宋代官窑、元代龙泉窑及明代御窑厂的典型瓷釉为例加以验证.结果表明:高温釉中的高磷高钙相由于尺寸小、数量少,在以往显微结构研究中常被忽略;高磷高钙相与草木灰密切相关,对判定钙质原料来源能够提供直接证据.对古代瓷釉中高磷高钙相的显微形貌及含量的统计分析,可了解不同时期钙质原料发展变化规律.The source of calcium raw materials in traditional Chinese glaze has always been the focus of ancient ceramic raw materials research. In the past,the content of elements such as phosphorus,manganese, magnesium and strontium isotopes in porcelain glazes were used as the basis for discrimination. Based on simulation experiments, the paper summarizes the microstructure characteristics of typical calcium glaze through microanalysis and explores the criteria for the determination of calcareous raw materials. The original ceramics of the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, and the typical enamels of the Five Dynasties Yue Kiln, the Song Dynasty Official Kiln, the Yuan Dynasty Longquan Kiln, and the Ming Dynasty Royal Kiln Factory were taken for verification. The results show that the high-phosphorus and high-calcium phase in calcium glaze is often ignored in previous microstructure studies due to its small size and small number.However, in fact, the high-phosphorus and high-calcium phase is closely related to the plant ash,which can provide evidence for the determination of the source of calcium raw materials. Statistical analysis of the micromorphology and content of high-phosphorus and high-calcium phases in ancient enamels can understand the development and change of calcium raw materials in different periods.

关 键 词：高温釉 草木灰 高磷高钙相 

分 类 号：TQ174.7[化学工程—陶瓷工业]