妊娠期牙周疾病对小于胎龄儿影响的调查研究  

Investigation on the influence of periodontal disease in gestation on small for gestational age

作　　者：唐兢 叶畅畅[1] 夏钟毅 吴万红[1] 黄萍[1] 吴亚菲[1] TANG Jing;YE Changchang;XIA Zhongyi;WU Wanhong;HUANG Ping;WU Yafei(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&Na tional Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases&Department of Periodontology West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,四川大学华西口腔医院牙周病科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2020年第5期307-312,共6页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81600875)。

摘　　要：目的调查孕妇妊娠期牙周疾病发生的相关社会环境因素,分析妊娠中期妇女的牙周状况对分娩小于胎龄儿(small for gestation age,SGA)的影响。方法纳入2015年5月~2018年5月于四川大学华西口腔医院牙周专科就诊的孕妇共215例,于妊娠16~24周进行牙周检查并记录牙周探诊出血指数(bleeding on probing,BOP)、探诊深度(probing depth,PD),附着丧失(clinical attachment loss,CAL)等指标,同时按照牙周疾病的诊断标准进行产前分组(牙周炎组32例,牙龈炎组171例,牙周健康组12例);患者知情同意选择是否接受牙周基础治疗。通过问卷调查表收集患者基本信息及社会经济相关信息。分娩后收集分娩结果,根据分娩结果进行产后分组(SGA和非SGA组)。比较各组间牙周临床指标及问卷调查、分娩结果等情况。结果平均PD(P=0.005,r= 0.192)、BOP%(P=0.003,r= 0.199)与经济收入呈负相关。牙周炎组平均家庭月收入较牙周健康组及牙龈炎组(P<0.05)低;牙周健康组使用牙线者比例较牙龈炎组高(P<0.05);106名孕妇接受了牙周超声龈上洁治及龈下刮治,109例孕妇仅进行口腔卫生宣教。最终23例(10.7%)发生了SGA,SGA发生率在3组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SGA组PD≥5 mm、PD≥4 mm的百分比高于非SGA组(P<0.05)。SGA发生率在接受牙周基础治疗组与未接受治疗组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕妇的家庭月收入、牙线使用情况对妊娠期牙周疾病的发生有影响;妊娠期妇女牙周炎的严重程度与SGA的发生有关。Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the relevant social and environmental factors af fecting the occurrence of periodontal diseases during pregnancy in pregnant women and to analyze the influence of the periodontal status of women in the second trimester of pregnancy on small for gestational age(SGA)delivery.Meth ods A total of 215 pregnant women were enrolled in this study in the Department of Periodontology of the West China Hospital of Stomatology of Sichuan University from May 2015 to May 2018.Periodontal parameters,such as bleeding on probing(BOP),probing depth(PD)and clinical attachment loss(CAL),were recorded at 16 24 weeks of gestational age.Subjects were divided into the periodontitis(n=32)group,gingivitis(n=171)group and periodontally healthy(n=12)group according to their periodontal conditions.With the patient′s informed consent,the patient decided whether to re ceive periodontal treatment.Basic and socioeconomic information was collected through questionnaires.After delivery,subjects were divided into the SGA group and non SGA group according to their birth results.The periodontal clinical indicators,questionnaire results and delivery results were compared among the groups.Results The mean PD(P=0.005,r= 0.192)and BOP%(P=0.003,r= 0.199)were negatively correlated with economic income.The family in come in the periodontitis group was significantly lower than that in the healthy group and the gingivitis group(P<0.05).The flossing use rate was significantly higher in the healthy group than that in the gingivitis group(P<0.05).A total of 106 pregnant women received scaling and root planing,while 109 patients only received oral hygiene instruction.After delivery,SGA occurred in 23 cases(10.7%),and there were no significant difference in SGA incidence among the three groups(P>0.05).PD≥5 mm%and PD≥4 mm%(P<0.05)were significantly higher in the SGA group than in the non SGA group.There was no significant difference in SGA incidence between the treated group and the untreated group(P>0.05

关 键 词：牙周疾病 小于胎龄儿 社会经济因素 妊娠 口腔卫生 早产 低体重儿 牙周治疗 探诊深度 

分 类 号：R781.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]