日粮粗蛋白质和粗脂肪水平对生长貉营养物质消化率和氮代谢的影响  

Effects of Dietary Protein and Ether Extract Levels on Nutrient Digestibility and Nitrogen Metabolism of Growing Raccoon Dogs

作　　者：巩文洋 李漠 牛一兵[1] 董雪玉 李永 张贵贤 王夕国 巩元芳[1] 苏欣 杨柳 邢冠中 冯敏山[1,2] 李素芬 GONG Wenyang;LI Mo;NIU Yibing;DONG Xueyu;LI Yong;ZHANG Guixian;WANG Xiguo;GONG Yuanfang;SU Xin;YANG Liu;XING Guanzhong;FENG Minshan;LI Sufen(Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;Hebei Jieshi Fur Industry Research Institute,Changli 066600,China;Hebei Qinhuangdao Sanjing Xinnong Feed Co.,Ltd.,Changli 066600,China;Tianjin Jinghai Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention,Tianjin 301600,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技师范学院,秦皇岛066004 [2]河北碣石皮毛产业研究院,昌黎066600 [3]秦皇岛市三晶新农饲料有限公司,昌黎066600 [4]天津市静海区动物疫病预防控制中心,天津301600

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2020年第3期763-770,共8页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(162366051D-8);秦皇岛市科技创新平台建设运行经费(201702B003);秦皇岛市农业科学研究院计划项目(2015-12)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究日粮中粗蛋白质和粗脂肪水平对生长貉营养物质消化率及氮代谢的影响,为生长貉的精准饲养提供科学依据。采用3×3完全随机设计,3个日粮粗蛋白质水平为22%、24%和26%,3个粗脂肪水平为7.5%、9.5%和11.5%。所有日粮中赖氨酸、含硫氨基酸和苏氨酸含量相等。将体重相近的11周龄健康公貉63只,随机分为9组,每组7只,单笼饲养,试验期共56 d。结果表明:日粮粗蛋白质和粗脂肪水平互作对生长貉能量和营养物质消化率、氮代谢指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);日粮粗蛋白质水平影响干物质消化率(P<0.05),其中日粮粗蛋白质水平为22%时干物质消化率显著高于粗蛋白质水平24%和26%组(P<0.05);粗脂肪消化率随日粮粗脂肪水平增加而提高(P<0.05),也有随日粮粗蛋白质水平增加而提高的趋势(0.05<P<0.10)。日粮粗蛋白质水平对氮沉积量无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著影响日食入氮、日粪排出氮、日尿排出氮、蛋白质生物学价值和利用率(P<0.05),日粮粗蛋白质水平为22%和24%时蛋白质生物学价值显著高于粗蛋白质水平26%组(P<0.05);日粮粗脂肪水平显著影响日尿排出氮、沉积氮、蛋白质生物学价值和利用率(P<0.05),其中日粮粗脂肪为9.5%和11.5%时沉积氮、蛋白质的生物学价值和利用率显著高于粗脂肪水平7.5%组(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,适当提高日粮粗脂肪水平、降低粗蛋白质水平,可降低尿氮排放,提高蛋白质的生物学价值和利用率。The purpose of this study was to study the effects of dietary protein and ether extract levels on nutrient digestibility and nitrogen(N)metabolism of growing raccoon dogs.A total of 63 healthy 11 weeks old raccoon dogs were randomly divided into 9 groups according to a complete random design with 3×3 factorial arrangement.The 3 dietary protein levels were 22%,24%or 26%,and 3 ether extract levels were 5.5%,7.5%or 9.5%,respectively.The diets contained same levels of lysine,sulfur-containing amino acids and threonine.The experiment lasted for 56 d.The results showed that interaction between protein and ether extract did not affected the indices of either energy and nutrient digestibilities or nitrogen metabolism(P>0.05).The DM digestibility was affected by dietary protein level(P<0.05),in which the dogs fed diet with 22%protein had significantly higher value than those fed diet with 24%or 26%protein(P<0.05).The ether extraxt digestibility increased with the increasement of dietary ether extract level(P<0.05)and tend to increase with the increasement of dietary protein level(0.05<P<0.10).The N intake,fecal and urine N outputs,biological value(BV)and availability were affected by dietary protein level significantly(P<0.05),in which the BV values in groups of dietary protein levels of 22%and 24%were significantly higher than the values in groups of dietary protein levels of 26%(P<0.05).No differences were detected in N retentions among dietary protein levels(P>0.05).The urine N output,N retention,BV and N availability were affected significantly by dietary ether extract level(P<0.05),in which the N retention,BV and N availability in groups of dietary ether extract levels of 9.5%and 11.5%were significantly higher than the values in groups of dietary ether extract levels of 7.5%(P<0.05).These results suggested that diet containing lower protein and higher ether extract could decrease urine N output and improve protein availability and BV.

关 键 词：粗蛋白质 粗脂肪 消化率 氮代谢 貉 

分 类 号：S816.15[农业科学—饲料科学]