我国沿海机动车轮胎磨损橡胶微粒释放量初步估算  

Preliminary Estimates of Microplastics Emission from Vehicle Tires along the Coast in China

作　　者：凌玮 陈熙[1] 高翊尧 沈茜 田静毅 安立会[3] Ling Wei;Chen Xi;Gao Yiyao;Shen Qian;Tian Jingyi;An Lihui(School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;School of Resources and Materials,Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819 [2]东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院,秦皇岛066004 [3]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《生态毒理学报》2020年第1期265-273,共9页Asian Journal of Ecotoxicology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2018ZX07111006);国家自然科学基金资助项目(21577137)。

摘　　要：环境微塑料是当前环境领域关注热点,并被列为环境与生态科学研究领域的关键科学问题。机动车轮胎因与路面摩擦而向环境不断释放橡胶微粒,因此,机动车轮胎经摩擦释放的橡胶微粒被认为是环境微塑料主要初生源之一。基于我国公路总里程位居世界首位和机动车保有量占世界第二的实际情况,以2016年为基准年,采用经验公式方法估算了我国沿海地区机动车轮胎释放的橡胶微粒水平。结果表明,我国沿海机动车轮胎摩擦释放橡胶微粒量为189965.91 t,其中广东省释放量最高,占全国沿海省(市)释放总量的24.09%以上,而广西释放量最小,占比为1.41%。另外,土壤是轮胎橡胶微粒的主要释放去向,橡胶微粒对土壤环境产生的潜在影响需及早引起关注。The presence of microplastics(MPs)has drawn more and more attentions among current environmental issues,and it has been listed as a key problem in the fields of environment and ecology.Vehicle tires release microparticles continuously during driving,so the microparticles emission from vehicle tire is regarded as one of primary sources of microplastic pollution in environment.Based on the facts that China is ranked first for the total road mileage and the second for vehicle ownership globally,the present study aimed to estimate microparticles emission from vehicle tires along the coast in China using an empirical formula based on these available statistical data in2016.The preliminary result showed that about 189965.91 tons of microplastics,that is rubber microparticles,were released from vehicle rubber tires wear in these coastal cities.Among these coastal provinces,Guangdong Province had the highest wear and tear estimate due to more vehicles and longer road mileage,accounting for 24.09%of the total microplastics releasing into environment from vehicle tires,while Guangxi Province had the lowest,accounting for only 1.41%of the total microplastics.Interestingly,it is estimated that the majority of these microplastics may enter soil whatever road type,so more attentions should focus on the potential impact of microplastics on soil ecosystem in future.

关 键 词：微塑料 土壤 风险 初生源 轮胎 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]