为《诗》辩护:孟子《诗》学观新解  

Defending The Book of Songs:A New Interpretation of Mencius'View of The Book of Songs

作　　者：刘纯友 LIU Chun-you(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《汉江师范学院学报》2020年第1期32-39,共8页Journal of Hanjiang Normal University

摘　　要：为《诗》辩护是孟子《诗》学的核心,这是为了回应战国“非《诗》”的《诗》学危机。孟子的为《诗》辩护主要体现在两个层面:一是借《诗》立言的诗教实践,即以《诗》议论时政、施行教化和发扬王道;二是说《诗》方法的重新规范,即以“知人论世”与“以意逆志”之新法对“以《诗》为史”和“断章取义”的旧方进行纠偏救弊。孟子的为《诗》辩护是成功的,不仅促进了《诗》的经学化、经典化,还奠定了中国诗学阐释学的基本模式。To defend The Book of Songs is the core of Mencius'study of The Book of Songs,which is to respond to the crisis of"against The Book of Songs"in the Warring States period.Mencius'defense of The Book of Songs is mainly reflected in two aspects:one is the practice of poetry teaching by The Book of Songs,that is,to discuss current affairs with The Book of Songs,to carry out enlightenment and to carry forward the king's way;the other is to regulate the study method of The Book of Songs,that is,to rectify the old side of"taking The Book of Songs as the history"and"taking the meaning out of context"with the new method of"knowing the people and discussing the world"and"by the meaning against the will".Mencius'defense of the poem was successful,which not only promoted the classics and canonization of the poem,but also established the basic mode of Chinese poetics hermeneutics.

关 键 词：为《诗》辩护 知人论世 以意逆志 断章取义 

分 类 号：I206.09[文学—中国文学]