基于语料库的无生命主语句式探析  

A Corpus-Based Study of the English Sentence Pattern with Inanimate Subject

作　　者：冯聪[1,2] 冯庆华 FENG Cong;FENG Qing-hua(School of Foreign Languages,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China/Department of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shanghai Theatre Academy,Shanghai 200040,China;School of English Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学外国语学院,上海市200241 [2]上海戏剧学院人文社科部,上海市200040 [3]上海外国语大学英语学院,上海市200083

出　　处：《外语电化教学》2020年第1期84-94,13,共12页Technology Enhanced Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：本研究通过从英语语料库中提取英语无生命主语句式的大量例句,对句式的无生命名词和意识动词进行分析。英语无生命主语句式是英语思维模式下常用的语言结构。这些语言结构就是"无生命名词+意识动词",也可以说是无意识名词做主语加上有意识动词做谓语,不仅使语言更加生动形象,而且让读者或听众无法忘记这样特殊的语句。希望本研究能引导中国英语学习者了解和学习地道的英语表述,熟悉英语思维模式,从而充分掌握英语无生命主语句式。English sentence pattern with inanimate subject should not be neglected in our English teaching.Our research starts with a substantial number of examples and data from authoritative English corpora,i.e.iW eb C orpus created by Mark Davies and English C lassics 3000 published by Peking University Press,and our analyses are based on the classification of inanimate nouns and conscious verbs.English sentence pattern with inanimate subject is a common language structure in English.The sentence pattern is"Inanimate Noun+Conscious Verb",or"Unconscious Noun as Subject+Conscious Verb as Predicate",which not only makes the expression vivid and lively but also deeply impresses the readers and audience.Based on the data from the corpora,the inanimate nouns are classified into six types,including nouns concerning activity and event,nouns concerning state and feature,nouns concerning emotion and thinking,nouns concerning parts of human body and speech and action,nouns concerning nature and object,and nouns concerning time and space.Most of the inanimate nouns are abstract nouns,which rarely serve as subjects in Chinese sentences.From the English corpora,there are innumerable sentences like"Nothing but silence greeted her joke","a thought struck him","her gaze traveled down his body","a shiver ran over his limbs"and"a new terror seized upon the mother".English learners in China would normally say"she got no response when she finished her joke","he thought of an idea","she looked at him from head to foot","he shivered with fear"and"the mother was terrified once more".The research pays special attention to 43 conscious verbs most frequently used in the English sentence pattern with inanimate subject.The top 20 collocations with inanimate subjects are presented for each conscious verb.Some conscious verbs are prominent and play a more important role in catching the attention of the readers and audience.Such verbs include"[night/walk/step]brought","[panic/terror/fear]seized","[thought/idea/pains]struck","[fear/terror/panic]gripped"

关 键 词：无生命主语句式 无生命名词 意识动词 语料库 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]