两种饲料对真蛸消化腺氨基酸和脂肪酸组成的影响  

Effects of two diets of fish and crab on the amino acid and fatty acid composition of the digestive gland of Octopus vulgaris

作　　者：张建明 ZHANG Jianming(Putian Municipal Institute of Fishery Science,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]莆田市水产科学研究所,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《渔业研究》2020年第2期132-137,共6页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：莆田市科技局项目(2019NJJ001).

摘　　要：为了分析真蛸(Octopus vulgaris)长期摄食鱼类后拒食的原因,本研究进行了蓝圆鲹(Decapterus maruadsi)和锐齿蟳(Charybdis acuta)喂养真蛸试验,观察了蓝圆鲹喂养的真蛸停止摄食的时间,测定了试验组与对照组(野生真蛸)真蛸消化腺的蛋白质、氨基酸及脂肪酸组成。结果显示:蓝圆鲹组真蛸消化腺中苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸、丝氨酸、酪氨酸、组氨酸和脯氨酸极显著低于对照组,缬草氨酸、亮氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、胱氨酸、精氨酸和非必需氨基酸总量显著低于对照组;锐齿蟳组真蛸消化腺中缬草氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸显著低于对照组;两试验组必需氨基酸总量均显著低于对照组;蓝圆鲹组真蛸消化腺中酪氨酸显著低于锐齿蟳组。蓝圆鲹组真蛸消化腺中C14∶0、C18∶3n3c和C22∶6n3c极显著高于对照组,C18∶0、C20∶0、C22∶0、C18∶1n9c和C20∶4n6c极显著低于对照组,单不饱和脂肪酸总量显著低于对照组,C14∶0、C16∶0和饱和脂肪酸总量显著高于锐齿蟳组;锐齿蟳组真蛸消化腺中C18∶0极显著低于对照组,C22∶0、C18∶1n9c显著低于对照组,C18∶3n3c、C20∶3n6c极显著高于对照组,C20∶5n3c和C22∶6n3c显著高于对照组;蓝圆鲹组真蛸消化腺中C14∶0、C16∶0和饱和脂肪酸总量显著高于锐齿蟳组。以上结果表明造成真蛸摄食鱼类过久最后拒食的原因不是饲料中氨基酸组成而是饱和脂肪酸的含量。试验结果将为真蛸配合饲料研究提供一些基础数据。To investigate the reason why Octopus vulgaris refuses to eat fish after having been fed with fish for a few days,the time when O.vulgaris stopped feeding Decapterus maruadsi was observed.The composition of amino acid and fatty acid of digestive gland of O.vulgaris of the experimental groups having been fed with D.maruadsi and C.acuta,and the control group of wild captured O.vulgaris was determined.The results showed that the contents of threonine,isoleucine,phenylalanine,aspartic acid,serine,tyrosine,histidine,and proline of the D.maruadsi feeding group were significantly lower than those of the control group,and the contents of valine,leucine,glycine,alanine,cystine,arginine,and the total contents of non-essential amino acidsof the D.maruadsi feeding group were significantly lower than that of the control group.The contents of valine,isoleucine,leucine,phenylalanine,lysine,glycine,and alanine of the C.acuta feeding group were significantly lower than that of the control group.Meanwhile,the total content of essential amino acids of the two experimental groups was significantly lower than of the control group.The tyrosine of the D.maruadsi feeding group was significantly lower than that of the C.acuta feeding group.C14∶0,C18∶3n3c and C22∶6n3c of the D.maruadsi feeding group were significantly higher than those of the control group,C18∶0,C20∶0,C22∶0,C18∶1n9c and C20∶4n6c were significantly lower than those of the control group.The total of monounsaturated fatty acids were significantly lower than those of the control group.C14∶0,C16∶0 and the total of saturated fatty acids were significantly higher than those of the C.acuta feeding group.C18∶0 of the C.acuta feeding group were significantly lower than those of the control group.C22∶0 and C18∶1n9c of the C.acuta feeding group were significantly lower than those of the control group.C18∶3n3c and C20∶3n6c were significantly higher than the control group,while C20∶5n3c and C22∶6n3c were significantly higher than the control group.C14�

关 键 词：真蛸 消化腺 氨基酸 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学]