乡村振兴背景下卓越教师专业化发展路径  

The Route Exploration for Outstanding Teachers'Professional Development in Background of Rural Revitalization

作　　者：乔晖[1] QIAO Hui

机构地区：[1]盐城师范学院教育科学学院/江苏农村教育发展研究中心,江苏盐城224005

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第3期90-98,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2018年度教育学一般课题“乡村振兴背景下面向卓越教师培养课程整体优化研究”(BIA180184)。

摘　　要：近些年,乡村卓越教师培养的政策议题在国家教育政策设计、教师政策学术话语和乡村教育实践中都备受关注。在新时代中国的社会和教育领域,城镇化的总体发展趋势与国家乡村振兴战略相遇。乡村振兴对乡村教师的专业发展提出了更高要求,使卓越乡村教师角色责任更加多元。在此背景下,乡村教师应成为立足乡村的专业自主发展者,通过自身主动发展来谋求发展动力;乡村教师要成为乡村学生成长的引路人,尤其关注留守儿童发展的独特性;乡村教师需成为乡村文化传承与发展的助力者,争做乡村文化振兴过程中的新乡贤。但现实中,乡村教师是嵌入在各种管理制度和组织文化约束之下的结构性存在,其思考逻辑和行为逻辑通常只能在“结构—个体”连续谱系之下做出即时性选择。结构性约束下的乡村教师在被规定发展范围之后,无法倾力于学生全面发展;他们被嵌入教育体制机制科层体系,难以摆脱社会身份认同危机;在满足诸多组织要求和制度规约的前提下,他们很难觅得自身足够的发展空间。提升乡村教师专业发展能力是一项串联“职前—职后”的系统工程,可以通过乡村实践,提升师范生的专业精神;激发内部需求,提升乡村教师自我发展动力;供给专业支持,促进乡村教师的知识创生。In recent years,the policy issues of rural outstanding teacher training have received much attention in the formulation of national education policy,academic discourse on teacher policy,and rural education practice.In the new era of Chinese society and education,the overall development trend of urbanization meets the national rural revitalization strategy.Rural Revitalization Strategy sets higher requirement for the professional development of rural teachers,and the roles and responsibilities of outstanding rural teachers are becoming more diversified in the new background.Rural teachers are supposed to be autonomous developers basing on county,seeking development motive force through own initiative development.Rural teachers should be guides of the rural students,focusing on the particularity of leftover children’s development.Additionally,they should be helpers for inheritance and development of rural culture.They should also try to become new country sages during the rural culture civilization.However,rural teachers are suffering from structural constraint of a variety of management systems and organizational culture in reality.Rural teachers cannot devote themselves to the overall development of students.They are unable to get rid of the social identity crisis and find enough independent development space under the systematic regulations.It is a systematic project to improve the professional development ability of rural teachers.This paper suggests to promote professional spirit of normal students through rural practice,to enhance self-development drive of rural teachers through endogenous growth,and to facilitate rural teachers’creation of knowledge through professional support.

关 键 词：乡村振兴 卓越乡村教师 教师专业发展 

分 类 号：C912.82[经济管理]