黄、东海天气系统对渤海风暴潮影响  

STORM SURGE IN THE BOHAI SEA AFFECTED BY THE YELLOW SEA AND EAST CHINA SEA WEATHER SYSTEMS

作　　者：李健[1,2,3,4] 侯一筠 莫冬雪[1,2] 刘清容[4] LI Jian;HOU Yi-Jun;MO Dong-Xue;LIU Qing-Rong(Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves,Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;North China Sea Marine Forecasting center of State Oceanic Administration,Qingdao 266061,China;Laboratory for Ocean and Climate Dynamics,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院海洋环流与波动重点实验室,青岛266071 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]国家海洋局北海预报中心,青岛266061 [5]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋动力过程与气候功能实验室,青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2020年第2期219-227,共9页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：NFSC-山东省联合基金重点支持项目,U1706216号;北海分局海洋科技项目,201903号。

摘　　要：渤海沿岸是风暴潮多发区域。研究者多关心渤海局地风引起风暴潮变化,而忽略黄、东海天气系统对渤海风暴潮的影响。为研究外围天气系统对局地风暴潮的影响,本文采用实测资料对比和设计理想数值试验等方法,对黄、东海天气系统影响的渤海风暴潮进行了研究。结果表明:1、TY1814“摩羯”和TY1818“温比亚”台风风暴潮的实测资料呈现当黄、东海风力较大,而渤海风力较小时,渤海沿岸也会出现较大风暴潮现象;2、从FVCOM(Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model)模拟的理想数值试验中发现,黄、东海风向是东南风时,引起渤海沿岸风暴增水极值最大;3、以入海气旋和登陆北上台风两种类型天气系统风向变化设计理想数值试验,发现黄、东海的东南风持续时间对渤海沿岸风暴潮极值大小和出现时间影响较大。理想试验获得的结论不仅能为渤海风暴潮预测和防灾减灾提供理论依据,还能够有效减少预警应急中漏报的现象,降低沿海经济损失。The coast of the Bohai Sea is a region of frequent storm surges. Previous studies focused on the impact of storm surge in the Bohai Sea caused by local wind, but often ignored the influence of the winds in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. To study the influence, the measured data of the storm surges caused by TY1814 "Yagi" and TY1818 "Rumiba" and designed ideal tests using the FVCOM(Finite-Volume Coastal Ocean Model) were compared. The weather observation data and this analysis show that a large storm surge along the Bohai Sea would occur when winds are large in the Yellow Sea but small in the Bohai Sea. By setting the ideal test of zero wind speed in the Bohai Sea and constant wind speed in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea, the influence of different wind directions on the storm surge was explored. It was found that the maximum storm surge in the Bohai Sea caused by the southeast wind in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Meanwhile, by setting the ideal test for reference changing wind directions of cyclone to the sea and northward typhoon after landing. It was found that when the wind direction of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea is southeast, the storm along the Bohai Sea coast would appear. The results provide a theoretical basis for the prediction of storm surge in the Bohai Sea and disaster prevention and mitigation. The findings can effectively reduce the phenomenon of underreporting in early warning and emergency and reduce coastal economic losses.

关 键 词：渤海 风暴潮 理想试验 入海气旋 登陆北上台风 

分 类 号：O141.4[理学—数学] P444[理学—基础数学]