绣球切花采后保鲜技术的研究  

Study on Technology of Postharvest Preservation of the Cut Flower of Hydrangea macrophylla

作　　者：杨景雅 赵艳娟 张静 黄立钰 YANG Jing-ya;ZHAO Yan-juan;ZHANG Jing;HUANG Li-yu(School of Agriculture,Yunnan University,Kunming 650091,China;Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Science,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学农学院,云南昆明650091 [2]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2020年第2期61-72,共12页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：为延长绣球切花瓶插时间,提高其瓶插质量,以“雪球”绣球切花为试验材料,进行预冷处理和外加糖源、无机盐和乙烯抑制剂等化学试剂处理,通过测定其瓶插天数、鲜重变化率、水分平衡值、脯氨酸含量及丙二醛含量等指标,研究单因素不同处理方式(浓度、时间梯度)对绣球切花保鲜效果的影响。结果表明:在6℃低温条件下处理3 d、浓度为12 g·L^-1的蔗糖糖源、浓度为60 mg·L^-1的柠檬酸和1-甲基环丙烯(1-Methylcyclopropene,1-MCP)处理3 d分别为单因素下绣球切花保鲜的最适条件;进一步根据单因素试验中所得的最适处理对其进行二次正交旋转试验设计,以瓶插天数为指标,研究多因素试验的最优组合,结果表明,8.36 g·L^-1蔗糖+51.59 mg·L^-1柠檬酸+1-MCP处理2.31 d能在很大程度上提高绣球切花的观赏水平,可使其瓶插寿命长达35 d,比空白清水对照延长20 d。In order to prolong the vase time and improve the quality of Hydrangea cutting,this study took“snowball”Hydrangea cutting as the test material,treated with precooling and chemical reagents such as sugar source,inorganic salt and ethylene inhibitor.By measuring the vase time,fresh weight change rate,water balance value,proline content and malondialdehyde content of Hydrangea cutting,the single factor and different treatment methods were studied(concentration,time gradient)on the fresh-keeping effect of Hydrangea cut flowers.The results showed that fresh cut hydrangeas can be preserved with sucrose sugar source in a concentration of 12 g·L^-1,citric acid in a concentration of 60 mg·L^-1 and 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treated at a low temperature of 6℃for 3 days.The optimum conditions for the single-factor fresh cut hydrangeas preservation are as follows.The second orthogonal rotation test design is carried out according to the optimum treatment in the single factor experiment.The multi-factor experiment is conducted with the number of days of bottle insertion as the index.The optimal combination shows that 8.36 g·L^-1 sucrose+51.59 mg·L^-1 citric acid+1-MCP treatment for 2.31 days can greatly improve appearance of fresh cut hydrangeas,andextend their vase life up to 35 days.Compared with duration of those preserved by blank water,the duration of fresh cut hydrangeas in such method is extended for 20 days.The result of the experiment is of practical significance in that it is a theoretical and technological breakthrough in preservation of fresh cut hydrangeas by improving their viewing value.

关 键 词：绣球切花 保鲜 瓶插寿命 衰老 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]