老年情绪障碍跨诊断团体认知行为治疗技术的德尔菲法研究  

A Delphi study of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy techniques suitable for emotional disorders in the elderly

作　　者：刘海滢 郭志华[1] 贺美玲[1] 李占江[1] LIU Hai-ying;GUO Zhi-hua;HE Mei-ling;LI Zhan-jiang(Beijing Anding Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院,100088

出　　处：《临床精神医学杂志》2020年第2期87-91,共5页Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

基　　金：北京市科委首都临床特色研究项目(z171100001017060)。

摘　　要：目的:通过德尔菲法(Delphi)向专家调查适合应用于老年情绪障碍跨诊断认知行为小组治疗(CBGT)的技术,为探索适合老年情绪障碍的跨诊断小组CBT程式奠定基础。方法:复习国内外关于情绪障碍跨诊断CBT、小组CBT技术、老年CBT技术的研究文献,筛选出42个认知行为治疗技术并制订专家咨询表,发放给20名老年精神病学和认知行为治疗领域的专家,经过两轮咨询,最终对这些技术进行排序。结果:其中综合秩次排名前十位的技术分别是心理教育、建立治疗关系、正常化、治疗反馈与讨论、预防复发、放松训练、行为激活、家庭作业、引导与示范、情绪觉察训练。聚焦于认知的技术和与暴露有关的技术则集中于中后段。结论:在CBT技术中,一些支持性技术、家庭作业、聚焦行为的技术诸如行为激活和放松训练以及聚焦情绪的技术诸如情绪觉察和识别技术优先推荐,聚焦认知的技术在治疗后期使用。Objective:To investigate the technology suitable for the application of Cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)in the elderly mood disorders by Delphi method.Method:The domestic and foreign literatures on transdiagnostic CBT,group CBT technology and elderly CBT technology were reviewed,and 42 CBT techniques were selected.The questionaire including the 42 CBT techniques was sent to 20 psychiatrists or CBT psychologists.After two rounds of consultation,these techniques were sorted according to their usage frequences.Results:The top 10 techniques were psychological education,therapeutic relationship building,normalization,therapeutic feedback and discussion,relapse prevention,relaxation training,behavioral activation,homework,guidance and demonstration,and emotional awareness training.Techniques focused on cognition and exposure were used in the later sessions.Conclusion:Some basic techniques such as supportion and homeworks,behavior-focused techniques such as behavioral activation and relaxation training and emotion-focused techniques such as emotion awareness and recognition can be applied first,and cognition-focused techniques are used in the later sessions.

关 键 词：德尔菲法 认知行为治疗 老年 跨诊断 小组 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]