基于PCA-改进TOPSIS的铁路桥梁加固改造方案决策  

Decision-making of railway bridge reinforcement and reconstruction scheme based on PCA and improved TOPSIS

作　　者：裴兴旺 李慧民[1] 李轩 李文龙 黄俊杰[3] PEI Xingwang;LI Huimin;LI Xuan;LI Wenlong;HUANG Junjie(College of Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture&Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Shaanxi Tongyu Highway Research Institute Ltd,Xi’an 710118,China;Central Research Institute of Building and Construction Co.,Ltd,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西通宇公路研究所有限公司,陕西西安710118 [3]中冶建筑研究总院有限公司,北京100088

出　　处：《铁道科学与工程学报》2020年第4期823-831,共9页Journal of Railway Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51478384,51808424);住建部科技资助项目(2018-R1-009)。

摘　　要：为降低我国铁路桥梁加固改造过程中存在的潜在风险,并考虑现有决策方法存在的不足,依据问题特点建立科学的决策指标体系,提出一种基于主成分分析法(PCA)和加权广义马氏距离改进TOPSIS的决策模型。首先,利用三角模糊数等方法对指标进行量化与熵权赋值,采用主成分分析法按累计方差贡献率实现指标的降维处理;其次,依据加权广义马氏距离改进TOPSIS方法计算各指标方案与正负理想解的距离并进行方案排序;最后,以5例工程实例验证本文方法的可信性和优越性,所选方案能最大限度地实现性能提升、经济合理等要求。In order to reduce the potential risks in the reinforcement and reconstruction process of railway bridges in China,and considering the shortcomings of the existing decision-making methods,this paper established a scientific decision index system according to the characteristics of the problem,and proposed a decision-making model based on principal component analysis(PCA)and improved TOPSIS method of weighted generalized Mahalanobis distance.Firstly,the triangular fuzzy function is used to quantify the qualitative indexes,then the weight of each index is calculated by the entropy weight method.And using the PCA method to reduce the index dimension according to the contribution rate of the cumulative variance of the index.Secondly,using the improved TOPSIS method of weighted generalized Mahalanobis distance to calculate the distance between each index scheme and the positive and negative ideal solutions.Finally,five engineering examples are given to verify the credibility and superiority of this method.The selected scheme can meet the requirements of performance improvement and economic rationality to the greatest extent.

关 键 词：铁路桥梁 加固改造 方案决策 主成分分析 改进TOPSIS 

分 类 号：U24[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]