含镉量子点的毒性研究进展  

Research Progress on Toxicity of Cadmium-Containing Quantum Dots

作　　者：王二梦 刘静[1] 王兰[1] WANG Ermeng;LIU Jing;WANG Lan(School of Life Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学生命科学学院,太原030006

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2020年第1期136-144,共9页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:31672293);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(批准号:2016-1);山西省重点研发项目(批准号:201703D221008-3)资助的课题。

摘　　要：含镉量子点是典型的量子点,近年来受到广泛研究。含镉量子点的潜在毒性是其在生物成像及生物医药方面应用和发展的关键制约因素,因此,对其毒性作用的研究具有重要意义。目前对含镉量子点的体外毒性研究主要集中在人肝癌细胞(HepG2)、神经分泌细胞(PC12)等细胞实验及斑马鱼胚胎体外培养实验。体内毒性研究包括小鼠等动物实验。这些研究证实,量子点对HepG2等细胞系和小鼠、贻贝等动物均具细胞毒性。研究者们普遍认为,量子点是通过释放其组成中的重金属,诱导生物体产生活性氧自由基,进而引发细胞凋亡或自噬,但对量子点的具体毒性作用机制并不完全清楚。该文对含镉量子点的体内和体外毒性研究工作进展进行了综述,包括含镉量子点对肝肾细胞、神经细胞、血液细胞及免疫细胞等体外毒性研究工作,对陆生及水生动物等的体内毒性研究工作,旨在更好、更全面地评估含镉量子点的毒性,为今后对量子点的毒性作用机制研究提供方向,促进含镉量子点在生物医学方面的发展和应用。The cadmium-containing quantum dot is a typical quantum dot,which has been widely studied in recent years.People began to pay attention to its safety problem.The key constraint on the application and development of cadmium-containing quantum dots in biological imaging and biomedicine is its potential toxicity.Therefore,the study of its toxic effects is of great significance.At present,the in vitro toxicity studies on cadmiumcontaining quantum dots are mainly concentrated in cell lines such as human hepatoma cells HepG2,neurosecretory cells PC12,and in vitro culture experiments of zebrafish embryos.In vivo toxicity studies include animal experiments such as mice.These studies confirmed that quantum dots are cytotoxic to cell lines such as HepG2 and to animals such as mice and mussels.Researchers generally believe that quantum dots cause toxic effect by releasing heavy metals in their composition,inducing organisms to produce reactive oxygen free radicals,and then triggering apoptosis or autophagy,but the specific toxic mechanism of quantum dots is not completely clear.In this paper,the progress of in vivo and in vitro toxicity studies of cadmium-containing quantum dots was reviewed,including on hepatic and renal cells,nerve cells,blood and immune cells,as well as terrestrial,aquatic animals and the like.It aims to better and more comprehensively evaluate the toxicity of cadmium-containing quantum dots,and provide direction for the future toxic mechanism of quantum dots to promote the development and application of cadmiumcontaining quantum dots in bioimaging and biomedicine.

关 键 词：含镉量子点 体内研究 体外研究 毒性 应用 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]