“文学大众化”:瞿秋白对母语文学现代性重构的“红色”设想  

“Literary Popularization”: Qu Qiubai’s “Red” Assumption on the Reconstruction of the Modernity of Mother Tongue Literature.

作　　者：杨经建[1] Yang Jingjian

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学文学院,湖南长沙410000

出　　处：《社会科学》2020年第4期174-182,共9页Journal of Social Sciences

基　　金：湖南省教育厅(基地)科研项目:“20世纪中国文学的母语化进程”(项目编号:15K079)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：瞿秋白倡导的"文学大众化",以"文字革命"引发"文学革命",既是一次语言变革(大众语取代"新式文言"),也是一次话语颠覆(阶级论话语对启蒙论话语),从而自觉而不自觉地疏通了曾被"革命文学"断裂的母语文学现代性重构进程。"文学大众化"表面上看来是通过"口语化"来实现文学语言的"言文一致",其实质却是在承认言、文分离而又主张言、文重合的前提下,借助"大众化"祛除五四后新文学的欧化和精英化趋势,并以大众化书面语(文字)为语言本体,为文学母语的重建提供了另一种探索方式。虽然"文学大众化"具有其特定的政治实用理性,在某种程度上背离了文学本身的价值,但它对语言(文学)乌托邦的祈望,在客观上成为对母语文学现代性重构的"红色"设想;正是在这样的设想或规划中,重构中的母语文学得到调整、校正、优化的可能。Qu Qiubai advocated "literary popularization" and brought "literary revolution" with "character revolution". This is not only a change of language, but also a subversion of language. This is not only the popular language replacing the "new classical Chinese", but also the "class theory" discourse dialogue(communicate with) "enlightenment" discourse, thus opening up the process of rebuilding the modernity of mother tongue literature. On the surface, "literary popularization" is to realize the "consistency of speaking and writing" of literary language with "colloquial". In essence, it removes the trendof Europeanization and elitism of new literature after the May 4 th Movement, and takes characters as the Noumenon of language. It provides another way of thinking for the reconstruction of literary mother tongue. Although the popularization of literature has its specific political practicality and deviates from the value of literature to some extent, its expectation of literary utopia has objectively become a "red" assumption for the reconstruction of the modernity of mother tongue literature. It is in this assumption that the mother tongue literature in the reconstruction can be adjusted, corrected and optimized.

关 键 词：瞿秋白 文学大众化 母语文学重构 

分 类 号：I206.6[文学—中国文学]