学龄儿童散光分布及相关因素研究  

The distribution of astigmatism in school-age children and its related factors analysis

作　　者：夏雨 廖梦霏 唐冲 宋胜仿[1] 刘世纯[1] 李华[1] Xia Yu;Liao Mengfei;Tang Chong;Song Shengfang;Liu Shi-chun;Li Hua(Department of Ophthalmology,Yongchuan Hospital,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 402160,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属永川医院眼科,重庆永川402160

出　　处：《中国临床医生杂志》2020年第5期550-554,共5页Chinese Journal For Clinicians

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项(CSTC2016shmszx130070);重庆市永川区科技计划项目(YCSTC2015bf5001)。

摘　　要：目的分析学龄儿童散光的分布情况,探讨散光相关影响因素。方法整群抽样调查,本研究共纳入重庆市永川区6~11岁学龄儿童共1768例,在睫状肌麻痹后电脑验光,测量身高、体重,采用卡方检验及Fisher确切概率法分析不同年龄、性别、体重指数组儿童散光检出及分布状况,采用方差分析探讨不同散光类型中体格发育指数情况,采用logistic回归分析探讨散光的相关因素。结果1768例儿童中检出散光≤-0.50D者1119例,总检出率为66.3%,其中肥胖儿童散光检出率更高(P<0.05);散光度-0.50D^-1.00D者占84.4%,-1.25D^-2.00D者占9.8%,<-2.00D者占5.9%;散光类型以顺规散光为主(74.2%),斜轴散光次之(22.7%),逆规散光占比最低(3.1%);6~9岁儿童以复合远视散光为主(56.2%),10~11岁儿童以复合近视散光为主(42.4%),复合远视散光检出率随年龄增长而降低,复合近视散光检出率随年龄增长而增长(P<0.05);随散光程度加深,顺规散光占比增加,逆规及斜轴散光占比减少,混合散光占比增加,复合远视散光占比减少(P<0.05);复合近视散光组身高、体重、体重指数均显著大于其他各组(P<0.05);肥胖者患散光的风险明显增加(OR=1.626,95%CI:1.134~2.332,P=0.008)。结论6~11岁学龄儿童散光检出率较高;顺规散光是主要类型,6~9岁儿童以复合远视散光为主,10~11岁儿童以复合近视散光为主;肥胖可能增加儿童发生散光的风险。Objective To evaluate the distribution of astigmatism in school-age children in Yongchuan District,Chongqing and explore the related factors.Method A total of 1768 children aged 6 to 11 years,resident in Yongchuan District,Chongqing,were enrolled in this study.The cycloplegic refractive status was measured for further analysis.Each child’s height and weight were also measured.Chi-square test and Fisher exact probability method were used to analyze the prevalence of astigmatism in different age,sex and BMI groups.Variance analysis was used to investigate the distribution of physical development index in different astigmatism types.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related factors of astigmatism.Result Among 1768 children,the prevalence of astigmatism was 66.3%(1119)and obese children tended to have higher prevalence of astigmatism(P<0.05);The percent of subjects with astigmatism between-0.50 D and-1.00 D was 84.4%,and the percent between-1.25 D and-2.00 D was 9.8%.The percent with astigmatism lower than-2.00 D was 5.9%;With the rule(WTR)astigmatism was predominant(74.2%);Compound hyperopic astigmatism was predominant in children aged 6 to 9(56.2%)and compound myopic astigmatism was predominant in children aged 10 to 11(42.4%);The detection rate of compound hyperopic astigmatism decreased with age,while that of compound myopia astigmatism increased with age(P<0.05);The rate of with the rule astigmatism increased with degree.In contrast,the rate of against the rule and oblique astigmatism decreased with degree;In addition,the rate of mixed astigmatism increased and compound hyperopic astigmatism decreased with degree;The height,weight and BMI of compound myopic astigmatism group were significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.05);Obesity may increase the risk of astigmatism in children(OR=1.626,95%CI:1.134-2.332,P=0.008).Conclusion The prevalence of astigmatism was high in school-age children aged 6 to 11;with the rule(WTR)astigmatism was predominant;Compound hyperopic astigmatism was p

关 键 词：学龄儿童 散光 肥胖 

分 类 号：R778.11[医药卫生—眼科]