电子废弃物回收处理系统环境绩效评估方法及应用  

Environmental Performance Evaluation Method and Application of E-waste Recycling System

作　　者：赵迪 宋小龙[1,2] 杨东 李嘉文 ZHAO Di;SONG Xiaolong;YANG Dong;LI Jiawen(Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering,Shanghai Polytechnic University,Shanghai 201209,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for E-waste Recycling,Shanghai 201209,China;Institute of Science and Technology for Development of Shandong,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]上海第二工业大学资源循环科学与工程中心,上海201209 [2]上海电子废弃物资源化协同创新中心,上海201209 [3]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)山东省科技发展战略研究所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《生态经济》2020年第5期182-187,207,共7页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“固废资源化”重点专项课题(2018YFC1902303);城市与区域生态国家重点实验室开放基金“新型城市矿产资源化利用的物质代谢分析及环境绩效评估”(SKLURE2017-2-1);山东省自然科学基金“基于城市代谢理论的城市住宅存量及影响因素研究”(ZR2017LD003);上海第二工业大学研究生项目基金“基于环境绩效分析的废弃手机回收处理模式优化研究”(EGD18YJ0060)。

摘　　要：基于生命周期工具,从物质代谢效率和生态环境效益两方面建立了电子废弃物回收处理系统的环境绩效评估指标与方法,并以废弃手机为研究对象,分析现阶段我国回收处理系统的环境绩效水平及其改进潜力。结果显示,废弃手机回收处理系统在物质代谢效率指标方面表现出较好的绩效水平,但在生态环境效益方面尚存进一步优化的空间。通过情景设置开展优化分析结果表明:生产者主导回收情景在各项环境绩效指标上均略有改进;区域产业链配套情景下运输距离的减少仅对人体健康改善指标起到优化效果;鼓励部件再使用情景和先进资源化技术情景可显著提升废弃手机回收处理系统的环境绩效,前者优化效果主要表现在生态环境效益指标上,后者优化效果更均衡。Based on the life cycle tools,this paper established the environmental performance evaluation indicators for the e-waste recycling system from the aspects of material metabolism efficiency and eco-environmental benefit.Taking the waste mobile phone as the research object,this paper analyzed the environmental performance level and improvement potentials of China’s recycling system at the present stage.The results revealed that the recycling system shows a good performance in metabolism efficiency indicators,but there is still the possibility of further optimization in terms of ecoenvironmental benefit.Scenario analysis results showed that the producer-led collection scenario has slightly improved in various environmental performance indicators.The reduction of transport distance under the mature industrial chain scenario only optimizes the human health indicators.Both the encouragement of components reuse scenario and the advanced recycling technology scenario can significantly improve the environmental performance.Further,the former shows its effect mainly in the eco-environmental efficiency indicators,while the latter is more balanced.

关 键 词：电子废弃物 环境绩效 废弃手机 物质流分析 生命周期评价 

分 类 号：X192[环境科学与工程—环境科学]