野生树鼩与人工饲养树鼩消化道不同部位微生物组成的比较研究  

A comparative study of the microbial composition of different segments of the gastrointestinal tract in wild and captive tree shrews

作　　者：李艳艳[1] 杨凤梅[1] 王俊斌[1] 陈丽雄[1] 段素琴[1] 杨亚平 刘雨 和占龙[1] 马进[1] 赵远[1] LI Yanyan;YANG Fengmei;WANG Junbin;CHEN Lixiong;DUAN Suqing;YANG Yaping;LIU Yu;HE Zhanlong;MA Jin;ZHAO Yuan(Institute of Medical Biology,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Peking Union Medical College,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Major Infections Diseases Vaccine Development,Kunming 650118,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院/北京协和医学院医学生物学研究所,云南省重大传染病疫苗研发重点实验室,昆明650118

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2020年第4期46-55,共10页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：中国医学科学院协同创新项目(2016-I2M-2-001,2018-I2M-3-002);昆明市科技创新和服务能力提升计划重点项目(2016-2-R-07674);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2016ZX310179-4);云南省重大科技专项(2017ZF020);云南省科技创新人才计划(2015HC027)。

摘　　要：目的以树鼩为研究模型,探讨野生树鼩与人工繁育树鼩不同肠段的菌群组成。方法分别收集3只健康野生及人工繁育树鼩七个胃肠段样本,提取细菌总DNA,采用高通量测序技术对16S rRNA基因的V3-V4高变区测序,分析比较菌群结构及多样性。结果不同肠段Alpha指数多样性分析显示野生组与人工繁育组树鼩在盲肠和胃Shannon指数存在显著差异(P<0.05)。野生组与人工繁育组各肠段微生物组成存在较大差异,门水平上,野生组直肠、结肠、盲肠及胃四个部位中Firmicutes菌门的平均占比显著高于人工繁育组(P<0.05);人工繁育组直肠、结肠、盲肠及回肠内Spirochaetes菌门的平均占比显著高于野生组(P<0.05);野生组直肠内Bacteroidetes菌门的平均占比显著高于人工繁育组(P<0.05);属水平上,野生组明显高于人工繁育组的主要菌属为:回肠、空肠和胃内的Weissella菌属,直肠内的Bacteroides菌属以及回肠段内的Lactococcus菌属;人工繁育组明显高于野生组的主要菌属为:直肠、结肠、盲肠及回肠内的Brachyspira属,盲肠和胃内的Prevotella9菌属,盲肠和空肠内的Streptococcus属以及回肠中的Lactobacillus菌属。不同肠段菌群功能基因预测显示两组共有5个解剖部位17个基因类别之间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论野生树鼩与人工繁育树鼩各肠段菌群组成差异较大;各肠段细菌功能差异较大,且与其生理功能、饮食结构有一定关联;在肠道菌群研究中,应充分考虑粪便样品微生物的组成是否能够完全代表肠道微生物的组成。Objective To investigate the microbial composition of different intestinal segments of wild and captive tree shrews.Methods Seven samples of gastrointestinal segments of three healthy wild and captive tree shrews were collected to extract total bacterial DNA and adopt high-throughput sequencing technology.The V3-V4 hypervariable region of the 16 SrRNA gene was sequenced,and the structure and diversity of the flora were analyzed.Results The diversity of the alpha index in different intestinal segments revealed significant differences between the wild and captive groups in the cecal and stomach segments(P<0.05).The microbial compositions of the intestines in the wild and captive groups were significantly different.At the gate level,the average proportion of Firmicutes in the rectum,colon,cecum,and stomach of the wild group was significantly higher than that of the captive group(P<0.05).In contrast,the average proportion of Spirochetes in the rectum,colon,cecum,and ileum of the captive group was significantly higher than that of the wild group(P<0.05).The average proportion of Bacteroidetes in the rectum was significantly higher in the wild group than in the captive group(P<0.05).At the genus level,the intestinal diversity of the wild group was significantly higher than the main genus of the captive group:the Weissella genus in the ileum,jejunum,and stomach;Bacteroides in the rectum;and Lactococcus in the ileum.The main breeding genus of the captive group was significantly higher than that of the wild group:Brachyspira in the rectum,colon,cecum,and ileum;Prevotella9 in the cecum and stomach;Streptococcus in the cecum and jejunum;and Lactobacillus in the ileum.The functional gene prediction of the different intestinal segments revealed statistically significant differences among the 17 gene types in the wild and captive groups(P<0.05).Conclusions The intestinal flora composition in the intestines of wild and captive tree shrews is quite different.The bacterial function of each intestine is different,and is related to

关 键 词：肠道菌群 树鼩 16SrRNA测序 肠段 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]