中国自然灾害区域应急救援中心布局设计研究  

Research on Layout Design of China’s Natural Disaster Regional Emergency Rescue Center

作　　者：钱洪伟[1,2,3] 梅京兰 QIAN Hongwei;MEI Jinglan(Safety and Emergency Management Research Center,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Emergency Management Institute,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China;Research Institute of emergency rescue/Emergency Volunteer Management Research Center,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学安全与应急管理研究中心,河南焦作454000 [2]河南理工大学应急管理学院,河南焦作454000 [3]河南理工大学应急救援研究所\应急志愿者研究中心,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《灾害学》2020年第2期194-199,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(202102310304);河南省教育科学规划重点项目(2013-JKGHB-0025)。

摘　　要：我国自然灾害频发,且灾害区域分异特征明显,然而应急救援基地布局与建设仍存在着救援力量部署缺乏针对性、基地运行机制不完善、跨区域协同救援体系不健全等问题。针对自然灾害进行综合区划,建设区域应急救援中心、对救援力量进行针对性部署,是优化我国突发事件区域应急联合救援体系的有效途径。在分析我国自然灾害区域分布特征的基础上,对我国进行区域划分,提出遵循依托现有的原则,在各区域内设立区域应急救援中心,同时对救援网络构建、中心建设与运行机制进行思考:将我国划分为九大区域,依托国家陆地搜寻救护基地,由政府牵头、大中型企业投资入驻,建设九大区域应急救援中心;建立以消防为主,其他救援力量为辅的综合应急救援队伍等观点认识。Natural disasters occur frequently in China, and the regional differences of disasters are obvious.However, there are still some problems in the layout and construction of emergency rescue bases, such as lack of pertinence in the deployment of rescue forces, imperfect operation mechanism of bases, and imperfect cross-regional cooperative rescue system.Comprehensive regionalization of natural disasters, construction of regional emergency rescue centers and targeted deployment of rescue forces are effective ways to optimize the regional emergency joint rescue system for emergencies in China.Based on the analysis of the regional distribution characteristics of natural disasters in China.It is proposed to establish regional emergency rescue centers in each region on the basis of existing principles, and considers the construction of rescue network,center construction and operation mechanism: divide China into nine regions;Relying on the national land search and rescue base, led by the government,invested and settled by large and medium-sized enterprises, establishing a comprehensive emergency rescue team based on fire forces and supplemented by other rescue forces.

关 键 词：自然灾害 区域 应急救援中心 布局设计 应急管理 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5