新媒体用户灾害认知和响应的时空分异及影响因素研究——以山东寿光洪灾为例  

Spatial-temporal Differences in Disaster Perception among New Media Users and the Influence Factors:A Case Study of the Shouguang Flood in Shandong Province

作　　者：耿硕璘 周旗[1,2] 李明洁 文彦君[1,2] 宋佃星[1,2] 陈冠男 张海宁 GENG Shuolin;ZHOU Qi;Li Mingjie;WEN Yanjun;SONG Dianxing;CHEN Guannan;ZHANG Haining(Key Laboratory of Disaster Monitoring and Mechanism Simulation of Shannxi Province,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,China;College of Geography and Environment,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,China 130012,China;Historical Culture and Tourism College,Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Baoji 721013,China)

机构地区：[1]宝鸡文理学院陕西省灾害监测与机理模拟重点实验室,陕西宝鸡721013 [2]宝鸡文理学院地理与环境学院,陕西宝鸡721013 [3]宝鸡文理学院历史文化与旅游学院,陕西宝鸡721013

出　　处：《灾害学》2020年第2期210-216,共7页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41771215);陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(KTCL03-17)。

摘　　要：基于新浪微博为数据源,以话题"寿光洪灾"为切入点,利用网络爬虫技术抓取评论数据。从关注、认知、响应3个维度,构建出新媒体用户灾害感知指标体系,并对新媒体平台下自然灾害信息扩散以及公众灾害感知特征进行分析研究。结果表明:①灾害信息会在新媒体的加持下急速扩散,并出现距离衰减效应;对灾害的关注量存在最大值,呈现由小到大再逐渐衰减的趋势。②新媒体用户对于本次灾害的综合认知和响应能力处于中等水平;但是样本中属于灾害认知的样本仅占7%;约70%的评论是更倾向于表达自己对灾害事件的情感态度。③灾区新媒体用户的灾害认知水平要高于非灾区民众,随时间存在"低-高-低"变化趋势。④在中前期灾区样本的情感态度较非灾区更为积极、理性,后期均趋于消极、非理性。Based on data sources from Sina Weibo,taking Weibo topic Shouguang floods as an entry point,and makeing use of the web crawler technology,elevant microblog comment data and user’s personal information is extracted.From the three dimensions of attention,cognition and response,a disaster perception index system of new media users is constructed,and the diffusion of natural disaster information as well as characteristics of public disaster perception under the new media platform is analyzed.The results show that:①Disaster information will spread rapidly with the help of new media,accompanied by a distance attenuation effect;the attention paid to disasters has a maximum,showing a trend from low to high and then gradually decaying.②New media users have a moderate level of comprehensive cognition and responsiveness to this disaster;however,only 7%of the samples are considered to be disaster-aware;about 70%of comments are more inclined to express their emotional attitude towards disaster events.③The level of disaster awareness of new media users in the disaster area is higher than that of non-disaster people.There is a trend of"low-high-low"over time.④The emotional attitudes of the samples in the disaster-stricken areas in the middle and early stages were more positive and rational than those in the non-disaster areas,and they all became negative and irrational in the later period.

关 键 词：灾害感知 信息扩散 时空分异 新媒体 中国 

分 类 号：P954[天文地球—自然地理学] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]