四川省达州市中小学生近视患病率及其相关影响因素分析  

Prevalence of myopia among primary and secondary school students in dazhou city,sichuan province and its related factors

作　　者：李常栋 李佳林[1] 张艳 王基敏 沈志斌[1] Li Changdong;Li Jialin;Zhang Yan;Wang Jimin;Shen Zhibin(Department of Ophthalmology,Dazhou Central Hospital of Sichuan Province,Dazhou,Sichuan 635000,China)

机构地区：[1]达州市中心医院眼科,四川达州635000

出　　处：《医药前沿》2020年第5期53-54,共2页Journal of Frontiers of Medicine

摘　　要：目的:了解分析达州市中小学生近视的患病率及相关影响因素。方法:横断面研究,采用分层整群随机抽样法,选取达州市城区和乡村共19所中小学生10198名进行眼部相关检查。6833例通过全自动电脑验光和睫状肌麻痹验光后建立屈光档案,用问卷调查方式对近视发生的相关因素进行分析,使用等效球镜度SE≤-0.5D纳入近视组,SE>-0.5D纳入非近视组;组间参数比较采用卡方检验。结果:达州市中小学生屈光不正总患病率为67%,女生近视患病率高于男生(χ^2=36.81,P<0.001),男生远视患病率高于女生(χ^2=105.7,P<0.001),女生与男生散光患病率无差异显著(χ^2=0.35,P=0.85),男女生高度近视患病率比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.85,P=0.173)。结论:在四川省达州市中小学生中,女生近视患病率高于男生。男生远视患病率高于女生。Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of myopia in primary and middle school students in dazhou city.Methods a cross-sectional study was conducted,and a total of 10198 primary and middle school students from 19 urban and rural schools in dazhou city were selected by stratified cluster random sampling.A total of 6,833 cases were examined by full automatic computer optometry and cycloplegia optometry,and then a refractive file was established.Related factors of myopia were analyzed by questionnaire.The equivalent sphericity SE≤-0.5d was included in the myopia group,while SE>-0.5d was included in the non-myopia group.The chi-square test was used to compare the parameters between groups.Results the prevalence of refractive error in primary and secondary school students was 67%,the prevalence of myopia in girls was higher than that in boys(χ^2=36.81,P<0.001),the prevalence of hyperopia in boys was higher than that in girls(χ^2=105.7,P<0.001),the prevalence of astigmatism in girls and boys was not significantly different(χ^2=0.35,P=0.85),and the prevalence of high myopia in boys and girls was not significantly different(χ^2=1.85,P=0.173).Conclusion the prevalence of myopia in female students is higher than that in male students in dazhou city,sichuan province.The prevalence of hyperopia in boys is higher than in girls.

关 键 词：中小学生 近视 相关因素 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]