中国香港学生参加校内外教育补习的影响因素与效应  

The Determinants and Impacts of Private Tutoring in and out of School in Hong Kong

作　　者：李佳丽 潘冬冬 Jiali Li;Dongdong Pan(Research Institute for International and Comparative Education,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai200234;Faculty of Education,CUHK,Hong Kong 999077)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,上海200234 [2]香港中文大学教育学院,香港999077

出　　处：《教育与经济》2020年第2期49-59,共11页Education & Economy

基　　金：国家社科基金教育学青年课题“社会分层视角下我国家庭教育投入行为研究:影响效应和理性决策分析”(课题批准号:CFA190251)。

摘　　要：基于香港PISA2015数据,本文使用伯努利模型、HLM模型和倾向值匹配法分别估计学生参加校内、校外课外补习的影响因素和影响效应,研究发现:香港校内课后补习服务可能背离服务于家庭贫困学生的"补偿性"初衷,变成"补差"型课后服务;参加校内课后补习会对学生科学、数学、阅读三科成绩有显著的负向影响作用,校外补习除了对学生的数学成绩有显著的负向影响作用外,对学生的阅读、科学成绩没有影响;香港校内课后补习多由自己任课老师或聘请的校外专业补习机构老师提供,但对学生学业成绩不但没有帮助甚至会产生负向影响作用;学生在校外参加由学校老师提供的数学和阅读补习,成绩会显著低于没有参加的学生。鉴于以上结论,内地课后服务政策实施需要对参与学生、服务老师和服务方式进行合理选择。Based on the datasets of PISA 2015 of Hong Kong,this study attempts to identify the factors that explain the demand for private tutoring in and out school by using two-level Bernoulli Model,and to analyze the effect of private tutoring by using Hierarchical Linear Model(HLM)and Propensity Score Matching(PSM).The results indicate that:(1)After School Program in Hong Kong intended to serve poor students are mainly for poor performance students instead of poor students.(2)Tutoring in school has a significantly negative effect on students’ achievement in Science,Math and Reading.Tutoring out of school has a negative impact on students’ Math achievement,has no impact on reading achievement,but has a significantly positive effect on students’ science achievement.(3)Tutoring in school are mainly provided by students’ regular teacher or teacher working for a business or organization specialized in additional instruction.And no matter who provide the tutoring,tutoring in school would damage students’ achievement.Tutoring out of school provided by regular teachers in school has significantly negative impacts on students’ math and reading achievement,and science tutoring out of school provide by teacher who is not specialized teaching personnel has a significantly positive effect on students’ science achievement.According to the results,the "After School Service"program in China's Mainland should pay more attention on the chosen students,tutors and service method.

关 键 词：校内课后补习 校外课外补习 补习老师 学业成绩 课后服务 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]