中国地方猪种与国外猪种猪肉脂肪酸组成的对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Fatty Acid Composition of Pork from Local Pig Species in China and Foreign Pig Species

作　　者：方晨 胡濒月 郭飞 杨明华[1] 赵彦光 赵素梅[1] FANG Chen;HU Binyue;GUO Fei;YANG M inghua;ZHAO Yanguang;ZHAO Sumei(Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute,Kunm ing 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物营养与饲料重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省畜牧兽医科学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《食品科技》2020年第3期166-171,共6页Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760645,31260592,31060331);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2019Y0086)。

摘　　要：为深入了解猪肉脂肪酸组成,提高猪肉营养品质、促进优良猪种资源的保护和开发提供科学依据。采用气相色谱法测定猪肉脂肪酸组成,比较了10个猪种肌肉内15项脂肪酸、饱和与不饱和脂肪酸、必需脂肪酸的相对含量,并对脂肪酸组成指标进行因子分析和系统聚类分析。饱和脂肪酸中,南阳黑猪肌肉中棕榈酸相对含量最高(31.45%),滇南小耳猪肌肉的硬脂酸相对含量最高(17.79%),单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸相对含量最高的猪种分别为撒坝猪(49.02%)和南阳黑猪(25.55%)。主成分分析获得的前5个主成分可以解释全部变异的92.709%,基于主成分值的UPGMA聚类图将10个猪种归为六大类。动物脂肪酸组成受不同品种影响,中国地方猪种与国外猪种猪肉脂肪酸构成和相对含量呈现不同程度的差异。仅以猪肉脂肪酸的构成及营养价值的角度来衡量,中国地方猪种南阳黑猪猪肉在10个猪种中品质更优。In order to deeply understand the fatty acid composition of pork,provide a scientific basis for improving the nutritional quality of pork and promoting the protection and development of superior pig species resources.In this study,the fatty acid composition of pork was determined by gas chromatography.The experiment compared the 15 pig muscle fatty acid content,eontents of saturated and unsaturated fatty aeids,essential fatty aeids,and fatty acid composition of 15 index factor analysis and systematic cluster analysis.Results show that the saturated fatty acid,hexadecanoic acid relative content in Nanyang black pig meat was the highest(31.45%),the relative contents of stearic acid in Diannan small-ear pig meat was the highest(1779%),highest monounsaturated fatty acids relative content in Saba pig meat was the highest(49.02%),polyunsaturated fatty acids relative content in Nanyang black pig meat is the highest(25.55%).The first five principal components obtained by principal component analysis could explain 92.709% of the total variation.The UPGMA cluster graph based on principal component value classified ten pig species into six major groups.The composition and relative content of fatty acids in pork were different between local pig species in China and foreign pig species.In terms of fatty acid composition and nutritional value of pork,Chinese local pig species Nanyang black pig meat is better.

关 键 词：生猪品种 脂肪酸组成 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：TS251.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]