方孝孺的礼法思想及其局限  

Fang Xiao-ru’s Thoughts on Etiquette and Law and Their Limitations

作　　者：贾庆军[1] 吴昌[1] JIA Qing-jun;WU Chang(Faculty of Humanities and Media,Ningbo University,Ningbo 315211,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学人文与传媒学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《宁波大学学报（人文科学版）》2020年第3期17-24,共8页Journal of Ningbo University：Liberal Arts Edition

基　　金：宁波市社会科学研究基地项目“浙东文化精神与当代价值研究”(JD14ZW02)。

摘　　要：方孝孺认为,礼制是积极的统治手段,是人成之为人的根本。法制是消极的统治手段,是防止人成为非人的惩罚工具。礼制和法制结合起来,就是完美的礼法之治。但在方氏心目中,礼制和法制并不对等,前者为本,后者为辅。方氏所说的礼制和法制都不是现代法制,礼法之治有其时代局限,即它缔造了一个以王权为中心的不受约束的统治集团,王朝逐渐腐败没落和王朝更替成为了礼法之治无法克服的宿命。Fang Xiaoru believed that etiquette was not only a positive means of governance but also the foundation for man being human.The rule of law is a passive means of domination.It is a means of punishment that prevents people from becoming inhuman.The combination of etiquette and legal system is the perfect rule of etiquette and law.However,in Fang’s mind,etiquette and legal system are not equal with the former being foundation and the latter supplementation.What Fang said was not modern legal systems.The rule of etiquette and law has its limit,i.e.,it creates an unrestricted ruling group centered on kingship.The dynasty’s gradual decay and dynasty replacement have become the inevitable fate of the rule of ritual and law.

关 键 词：方孝孺 礼制 法制 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]