医疗机构是否应该为单身女性提供冻卵服务?——冻卵案例的权利论证与伦理思考  

Should Medical Institutions Provide Frozen Eggs for Single Women?:Demonstration of Rights and Ethical Thinking in the Frozen Eggs Case

作　　者：刘瑞爽[1] 李晓农[1] 丛亚丽[1] LIU Ruishuang;LI Xiaonong;CONG Yali(Faculty of Medical Ethics and Law,School of Health Humanities,Peking University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学人文学院医学伦理与法律系,北京100191

出　　处：《中国医学伦理学》2020年第3期299-303,共5页Chinese Medical Ethics

摘　　要：中国首例单身女性争取冻卵案正在审理中。目前,“冻卵”技术是成熟的,风险是可控的。“冻卵计划”可以让暂无生育考虑的单身女性长期保存卵细胞,以备将来选择是否用于生育。基于本案所折射的医学伦理和法律问题,认为单身女性冻卵是其对自己身体的自主支配范围,属于中国法律所包含的生育自主权。在进一步伦理分析的基础上提出,有资质的医疗机构应在风险获益评估和充分告知后,有提供帮助的道德义务。单身女士和已婚女士应享有同等待遇。The first case of a single woman requesting for frozen egg is pending.At present,the technology of frozen egg is mature and the risks are controllable.The“planned oocyte cryopreservation”can allow single women who have not considered pregnancy currently to preserve their eggs for a long time,so that they can choose whether to use them for fertility in the future.Based on the medical ethics and legal issues reflected in this case,this study thought that frozen eggs of single women were the scope of their autonomous domination of their bodies and belonged to the autonomous fertility included in Chinese law.Through further ethical analysis,this study proposed that qualified medical institutions should have a moral obligation to help after the risk benefit assessment and full notification.Single women and married women should be treated equally.

关 键 词：单身女性 冻卵 生育自主 人类辅助生殖技术 

分 类 号：R-052[医药卫生]