法官责任制度的功能期待会落空吗?  

Will the Function Expectation of Judge Responsibility System Fail?

作　　者：方乐[1,2] Fang Le

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院 [2]南京师范大学中国法治现代化研究院

出　　处：《法制与社会发展》2020年第3期78-92,共15页Law and Social Development

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“最高人民法院巡回法庭运行状况实证考察与制度机制完善研究”(17BFX048);江苏省法学会重点研究课题“法官检察官惩戒制度研究”(SFH2016A02);“江苏社科优青”资助项目“社会主义核心价值观进入司法裁判研究”的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：尽管中央和最高人民法院都对法官责任制度改革作了统一的规划,但受该制度实施所依赖的组织制度和结构的影响,该制度在实际推行中呈现出较为混乱的局面。不同的组织任务会影响法院/法官对法官责任制度的认知,而且组织实施机制的行政化逻辑也会制约法官责任制度运行的实际效果。这些因素会使法官的审判责任无法落实,使法官处于担忧被追责的惶恐之中,使通过司法责任制度改革倒逼法官司法行为规范化的设想朝着相反的方向发展,也会出现法官基于风险管控需要而主动让渡裁判权、案件质量与整体纠纷化解能力下降等负面现象。这意味着,法官责任制度改革的功能期待可能会落空。Although the central government and the Supreme Court have made a unified system plan for the reform of the judge responsibility system,influenced by the organizational system and structure on which the implementation of the system depends,the actual implementation of the system presents a more chaotic situation.Different organizational tasks will affect the court/judge s cognition of the responsibility system,and the administrative logic of the organizational implementation mechanism will also restrict the actual effect of the operation of the judge s responsibility system.These factors will lead to the cognition of the judge s responsibility system beyond the expected scope,make the judge s trial responsibility unable to be implemented and put him in fear of being chased,make the assumption of forcing judges to standardize their judicial behavior through the reform of judicial responsibility system develop in the opposite direction,and also lead to the negative phenomena such as judge s active transfer of jurisdiction based on the need of risk control,the decline of case quality and overall dispute resolution ability.This means that the functional expectation of the reform of the judge responsibility system may fail.

关 键 词：法官责任 司法体制改革 审判管理 司法行政化 组织社会学 

分 类 号：D926.2[政治法律—法学]