金沙江下游梯级水库生态调度影响研究  

Influence of Ecological Regulation of Cascade Reservoirs in the Lower Jinsha River

作　　者：任玉峰 赵良水 曹辉[1,2] 阮燕云 REN Yufeng;ZHAO Liangshui;CAO Hui;RUAN Yanyun(China Three Gorges Corporation,Beijing 100038,China;Three Gorges Cascade Dispatch&Communication Center,Yichang 443133,China)

机构地区：[1]中国长江三峡集团公司,北京100038 [2]三峡水利枢纽梯级调度通信中心,湖北宜昌443133

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2020年第1期8-13,共6页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2013CB036406)。

摘　　要：为保护金沙江流域自然生态环境,充分发挥流域梯级水库综合效益,协调流域防洪、发电、航运与水生态的关系,以溪洛渡-向家坝梯级水库2017年生态调度为研究对象,分析生态调度对库区鱼类产卵、梯级电站发电调峰、库区航运、水库防洪等四个方面的影响,识别生态调度与水库发挥综合效益之间约束关系。结果表明:生态调度对河道鱼类产卵作用明显,鱼卵密度是实施生态调度前鱼卵密度值的1.3倍;生态调度对向家坝调峰影响较大,且持续时间较长;生态调度过程平缓,有利于水库上下游河段航运通畅,但需关注与前期发电调度的衔接问题;生态调度对梯级水库的库水位和出库流量有严格要求,当水库入库流量较大时,梯级水库水位持续上涨,应协调与后期汛期水库防洪调度之间的关系。To protect the natural eco-environment of the Jinsha River basin,give full play to the comprehensive benefits of the cascade reservoirs,and coordinate the relationship between flood control,power generation,shipping and water ecology in the basin,the ecological regulation of Xiluodu-Xiangjiaba Cascade Reservoir in 2017 was taken as research object in this paper.Its effects on fish spawning,peak power generation,shipping,and flood control were analyzed,and the restrictions and influences were identified between eco-dispatching and comprehensive benefits of the reservoirs.The analysis results show that ecological regulation has a significant effect on the spawning of river fish.The density of fish eggs increased by 1.3 times after the regulation.The regulation also has a greater impact on the peak regulation of Xiangjiaba with the longer duration.The smooth regulation process is more conducive to unobstructed shipping in the upper and lower reaches of the reservoirs,but the attention should be paid to its connection with the previous dispatch of power generation.The ecological dispatch has strict requirements for the water level and outflow of the cascade reservoirs.When the inflow is large,the water level of the reservoirs continues to rise,the relationship between ecological regulation and the flood control should be coordinated in flooding season.

关 键 词：梯级水库 生态调度 防洪 综合效益 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]