人力资本外部性、劳动要素集聚与城市化形成机制研究  

Human Capital Externality, Labor Factor Agglomeration and Urbanization: An Empirical Analysis

作　　者：易定红[1] 陈翔 YI Ding-hong;CHEN Xiang(School of Labor and Human Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学劳动人事学院,北京100872

出　　处：《经济问题》2020年第5期7-14,共8页On Economic Problems

摘　　要：城市化是劳动要素从分散走向集中的动态聚合过程。劳动要素集聚形成与发展的根本动因在于,集聚起来的劳动要素通过学习、合作形成知识外溢与创新,引致空间范围内部劳动生产率提高并形成工资溢价。这种工资溢价作为信号将进一步吸引外部劳动要素流入。源于人力资本外部性及其所具有的规模报酬递增性质,劳动要素形成集聚态势是一种具有发展阶段性的趋势与方向。以此思想为基础,采用全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,对我国城市化过程中人力资本外部性的作用进行实证分析,实证结果证明人力资本外部性通过影响劳动要素集聚从而影响了我国城市化的进程。Urbanization is a dynamic aggregation process of labor factor from decentralization to centralization.The basic motivation of labor factor agglomeration lies in that labor factor agglomeration generates knowledge spillover and innovation through learning and cooperation, which leads to labor productivity increase and wage premium within the scope of space. As a signal, wage premium will further attract external labor factors. Because of human capital externality and its nature of increasing scale, labor factors agglomeration is a trend and direction with stages of development. Based on this idea, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the role of human capital externality in the process of urbanization by using the data of Chine Migrants Dynamic Survey. The empirical results prove that human capital externality affects the process of urbanization by influencing labor agglomeration.

关 键 词：人力资本外部性 劳动要素集聚 城市化 

分 类 号：F241.2[经济管理—劳动经济]