重性精神病患者封闭式住院治疗期间心理需求分析  

Psychological needs of severe mentally ill persons during closed hospital treatment

作　　者：任燕霞 杨昆[2] 薛莲 王保东[3] Ren Yanxia;Yang Kun;Xue Lian;Wang Baodong(Department of Critical Psychiatry,the Third Hospital of Mianyang·Sichuan Mental Health Center,Mianyang 621000,China;Department of Psychosomatic Diseases,the Third Hospital of Mianyang·Sichuan Mental Health Center,Mianyang 621000,China;Infectious Department,Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Sichuan Province,Mianyang 621000,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市第三人民医院·四川省精神卫生中心重症精神科,621000 [2]绵阳市第三人民医院·四川省精神卫生中心心身疾病科,621000 [3]四川省绵阳市疾病预防控制中心传染病所,621000

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2020年第11期1425-1428,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：四川省卫生和计划生育委员会课题(18PJ315)。

摘　　要：目的了解封闭式管理重性精神病患者住院治疗期间心理需求。方法采用便利抽样法,2017年3月—2018年3月选取四川省精神卫生中心封闭式管理的81例重性精神病患者为研究对象,采用自行设计的重症精神病患者心理需求调查问卷进行调查,调查患者自知力、住院治疗自我归因、希望解决的问题等心理需求状况,分析患者心理需求的影响因素。结果81例患者中33.33%(27/81)的患者认为自己患病,对于本次住院治疗39.51%(32/81)的患者归因于自己性格原因,归因于情感问题占17.28%(14/81);心理需求中,希望有家人的陪伴和探视占79.01%(64/81),有心理治疗需求占62.96%(51/81);最想解决的问题中,35.80%(29/81)的患者希望治好疾病,需要提高自信心的患者只占4.94%(4/81)。不同疾病诊断的患者在希望家人陪伴和探视的需求中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别患者在自身疾病相关知识的需求中差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同文化程度的患者对提升压力应对能力需求的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论封闭式管理重性精神病患者住院治疗期间有较多心理需求,不同性别、文化程度、疾病诊断患者的需求不同,要有针对性地提供心理干预及护理,促进患者尽快康复。Objective To understand the psychological needs of severe mentally ill persons under closed management during hospitalization.Methods From March 2017 to March 2018,a total of 81 severe mentally ill persons under closed management in Sichuan Mental Health Center were selected as research objects by the convenience sampling method.A self-designed questionnaire for the psychological needs of severe mentally ill persons was used to investigate the psychological needs of patients such as self-awareness,self-attribution of hospitalization and problems they wish to solve and to analyze the influencing factors of psychological needs of patients.Results Among the 81 patients,33.33%(27/81)thought that they were ill.For this hospitalization,39.51%(32/81)of the patients attributed to their personality and 17.28%(14/81)attributed to emotional problems.Among the psychological needs,79.01%(64/81)wished to be accompanied and visited by family members,and 62.96%(51/81)required psychological treatment.Among the most wanted problems,35.80%(29/81)hoped to cure the disease and only 4.94%(4/81)wanted to improve self-confidence.Patients diagnosed with different diseases had statistically significant differences in their needs for family accompany,and visitation(P<0.05).Patients of different genders have statistically significant differences in the needs of their own disease-related knowledge(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in patients with different educational levels in improving stress coping ability(P<0.05).Conclusions Severe mentally ill persons under closed management during hospitalization have more psychological needs with different genders,educational levels,and different disease diagnosis.Therefore,it is necessary to provide targeted psychological intervention and nursing to promote the recovery of patients as soon as possible.

关 键 词：精神病人 住院 心理需求 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R473[医药卫生—临床医学]