植物原生质体在分子细胞生物学研究中的应用  

Application of plant protoplasts in molecular and cell biology research

作　　者：肖政 徐艳琴[2] 罗念 周银[3,4] XIAO Zheng;XU Yanqin;LUO Nian;ZHOU Yin(MCC Huatian Engineering and Technology Corporation,Nanjing 210019,China;College of Pharmacy,Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang 330006,China;College of Bioscience and Biotechnology,Wuhan University of Bioengineering,Wuhan 430415,China;Center of Applied Biotechnology,Wuhan University of Bioengineering,Wuhan 430415,China)

机构地区：[1]中冶华天工程技术有限公司,南京210019 [2]江西中医药大学药学院,南昌330006 [3]武汉生物工程学院生命科学与技术学院,武汉430415 [4]武汉生物工程学院应用生物技术研究中心,武汉430415

出　　处：《广西植物》2020年第4期576-582,共7页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31700626);湖北省教育厅科学研究计划指导性项目(B2016304);江西中医药大学“1050青年人才工程”项目;国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201712362006)。

摘　　要：植物原生质体是去除了细胞壁的裸露细胞,其具有细胞全能性,现广泛应用于植物分子细胞生物学的研究中,可以大大缩减实验周期,并有助于得到体内实验的实时检测数据。该文除了介绍植物原生质体的提取和纯化方法外,还对国内外利用各种植物的原生质体进行细胞瞬时转化、亚细胞定位、细胞融合和大分子复合物相互作用等试验进行了总结和讨论。植物原生质体还可用于基因表达模式的实时检测,并作为生物反应器的受体细胞进行代谢物的体外生产。此外,还对当前该技术所面临的瓶颈进行了分析,为植物原生质体在分子细胞生物学领域的应用提供帮助,为技术的优化和推广提供参考。Plant protoplasts are naked cells without cell walls.They have been extensively applied in the researches of plant molecular and cell biology for their totipotency,which could greatly shorten the experimental periods and help to get massive effective and real-time experimental detection data in vivo.In this article,in addition to introduce the purification of plant protoplasts,we mainly summarized the application of plant protoplasts in the respects of transient transformation,subcellular localization,cell fusion and macromolecular complex interaction.Plant protoplasts could also be used to survey the expression pattern of gene in real-time detection,as well as the target cells for the production of metabolites in bioreactors.Furthermore,we have compared the advantages and disadvantages of plant protoplasts in the current research,which provides new insights into the researches on plant molecular and cell biology.We have also analyzed the difficulties in the application of plant protoplasts,which provides the reference for the optimization and promotion of this technology.

关 键 词：植物原生质体 瞬时转化 亚细胞定位 细胞融合 实时检测 

分 类 号：Q942[生物学—植物学]