融入数字孪生的高校创客空间:意蕴、框架与功能——从物理空间、混合空间到映射空间之演进  

University Makerspace Integrated with Digital Twin: Connotation,Framework and Function:Evolution from Physical Space and Hybrid Space to Mapped Space

作　　者：万力勇 Wan Liyong(School of Education,South-central University for Nationalities,Wuhan Hubei 430074)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学教育学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2020年第3期15-24,共10页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究专项任务项目(工程科技人才培养研究)“混合式创客空间支持的高校工科大学生创新创业能力培养模式研究”(项目编号:18JDGC039);湖北省技术创新专项项目(软科学研究类)“区域性科技创新资源共享服务平台服务绩效评价研究”(项目编号:2019ADC145);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“民族地区县域在线教育均衡发展测评研究”(项目编号:CSY18041)的研究成果。

摘　　要：高校创客空间经历了由物理空间到混合空间的发展过程。随着XR、5G、全息、数字孪生等技术的不断成熟,将数字孪生融入到高校创客空间的构建中,充分发挥其在实时监控、动态交互、迭代进化方面的功效,推动高校创客空间从混合空间走向映射空间,已然成为一种趋势。融入数字孪生的映射空间,在构成要素上包括物理空间、虚拟空间、空间服务系统和孪生数据四个要素,在构成层级上包括物理层、数据层、模型层、服务层和应用层五个层级,其可实现创客协同设计、创客设计全生命周期管理、创客设计沉浸式体验、创客空间运行实时监控等四大功能。通过相关实践案例分析也表明,融入数字孪生的高校创客空间具有广泛的应用前景,能最大限度地提升创客空间在创新和创意设计上的“广度”“深度”“速度”,大力推动高校创新创业人才和创新型工程技术人才的培养。Univeristy makerspace has undergone a development process from physical space to hybrid space.With the continuous maturity of technologies such as XR,5G,hologram and digital twins,integrating digital twin into the construction of university makerspace,making full use of its functions in real-time monitoring,dynamic interaction and iterative evolution,and promoting the evolution of university makerspace from mixed space to mapped space have become a trend.University makerspace integrated with digital twin consists of four elements:physical space,virtual space,space service system and twin data.It includes five layers:physical layer,data layer,model layer,service layer and application layer.University makerspace integrated with digital twin can realize for major functions:maker collaborative design,full life-cycle management of maker design,immersive experience of maker design and real-time operation monitoring of makerspace.The analysis of practical cases also shows that the makerspace integrated with digital twins has broad application prospects,which can maximize the“breadth”,“depth”and“speed”of makerspace in innovation and creative design,and vigorously promote the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents and innovative engineering and technical talents in universities.

关 键 词：数字孪生 高校创客空间 虚拟空间 映射空间 全息技术 扩展现实 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]