脱细胞技术及其在眼表重建组织工程中的应用研究  

Decellularization Technique and Its Application in Ocular Surface Reconstruction

作　　者：陈芳圆 周清[1] CHEN Fangyuan;ZHOU Qing(Department of Ophthalmology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University,Guangzhou 510630,China)

机构地区：[1]暨南大学附属第一医院眼科,广州510630

出　　处：《医学综述》2020年第9期1696-1700,1706,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81870637)。

摘　　要：严重眼表疾病的治疗一直是困扰眼科医师的难题,目前认为组织工程学方法可解决这一难题。组织工程可重建眼表并恢复眼表功能,而脱细胞支架是构建组织工程的关键环节之一。可采用化学法、物理法以及生物法制备脱细胞支架,但单一的制备方法很难获得良好的去细胞效果,因而大部分学者建议采用联合的方法制备,其在最大化脱细胞的前提下,可更多地保存细胞外基质的生理结构和生物活性,减少不良反应。目前用于眼表疾病的脱细胞支架包括脱细胞角膜基质和脱细胞结膜基质,并已在试验中取得了一定的效果。Currently,tissue engineering is considered an alternative method to solve some severe ocular surface diseases,which have been challenging the ophthalmologists for a long time. Tissue engineering can reconstruct ocular surface and restore ocular surface function,and acellular scaffold is one of the key steps in tissue engineering. When using one method,such as chemical,physical and biological method,it is difficult to obtain a good decellularization effect,thus combined methods are recommend by most scholars,which can obtain a better effect in preservation of the physiological structure and biological activity of extracellular matrix,and reduction of adverse reactions under the premise of maximum decellularization. So far,reports on the usage of acellular corneal matrix and acellular conjunctival matrix as acellular scaffolds in ocular surface diseases with good results achieved in trials have been seen.

关 键 词：组织工程 眼表重建 细胞外基质 脱细胞结膜基质 脱细胞角膜基质 脱细胞支架 

分 类 号：R772.2[医药卫生—眼科] R777.3[医药卫生—临床医学]