贵州省火龙果炭疽病病原的分离鉴定及生物农药筛选  

Isolation and Identification of Anthracnose Pathogen from Pitaya and Screening of Bio-pesticide in Guizhou Province

作　　者：赵晓珍 王荔[1] 张雪[1] 郑伟 张荣[2] 秦永华[2] 王正媛 张永忠 ZHAO Xiaozhen;WANG Li;ZHANG Xue;ZHENG Wei;ZHANG Rong;QIN Yonghua;WANG Zhengyuan;ZHANG Yongzhong(Institute of Fruit Science,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang,Guizhou 550006;College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;Luodian Office of Fruit Industry Development,Luodian,Guizhou 550100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院果树科学研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [3]贵州省罗甸县果业产业化发展办公室,贵州罗甸550100

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2020年第4期70-74,I0001,共6页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省广州市科技计划项目(产学研协同创新重大专项)“罗甸火龙果主要病害绿色防控技术研究与推广”(201704020003)。

摘　　要：为贵州省火龙果炭疽病的绿色防控提供理论基础,采用常规组织分离法、形态学与分子生物学鉴定相结合对火龙果病原菌进行分离鉴定,采用生长速率法室内测定9种生物农药对致病菌株的抑菌活性。结果表明:火龙果炭疽病病原为胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides),0.3%四霉素对火龙果炭疽病菌的抑菌作用最强,EC50为1.331 4 mg/L;3%中生菌素和1%申嗪霉素其次,EC50分别为6.787 2mg/L和7.832 8 mg/L;80%乙蒜素、2%春雷霉素、10%多抗霉素和2%溃腐灵的EC50分别为65.040 1mg/L、71.349 1mg/L、108.378 4mg/L和129.416 6mg/L;20%井冈霉素和4%嘧啶核酸类抗菌素的抑菌作用较差,其EC50分别为1 985.302 4mg/L和3 298.115 0mg/L。The pathogenic bacteria in pitaya are isolated and identified by using conventional tissue isolation method and morphology and molecular biology identification combination method,and then the antibacterial activity of nine bio-pesticides against pathogenic strains is determined indoors by using growth rate method to provide the theoretical foundation for green control of anthracnose in pitaya in Guizhou.Result:The anthracnose pathogen is identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in pitaya. The antibacterial effect of 0.3% Tetramycin against C.gloeosporioides in pitaya is the highest.The EC50 of0.3% Tetramycin,3% Zhongshengmycin,1% Phenazino-1-carboxylic acid,80% Ethylicin,2%Kasugamycin,10% Polyoxins,2% Kuifuling,20% Validamycin and 4% Pyrimidine nucleic acid against C.gloeosporioides is 1.331 4 mg/L,6.787 2 mg/L,7.832 8 mg/L,65.040 1 mg/L,71.349 1 mg/L,108.378 4 mg/L,129.416 6 mg/L,1 985.302 4 mg/L and 3 298.115 0 mg/L respectively.

关 键 词：火龙果炭疽病 胶孢炭疽菌 生物农药 抑菌活性 贵州 

分 类 号：S432.6[农业科学—植物病理学]