轨道交通用低温高韧性球墨铸铁件制造技术研究  

Manufacturing Technology of Low Temperature Ferrite Ductile Iron with High Toughness for Rail Transit

作　　者：卫东海 李克锐 李增利 李桐 张亮亮 陈昭 WEI Dong-hai;LI Ke-rui;LI Zeng-li;LI Tong;ZHANG Liang-liang;CHEN Zhao(Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering,Zhengzhou 450001,Henan,Chain)

机构地区：[1]郑州机械研究所有限公司,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《铸造》2020年第4期342-348,共7页Foundry

基　　金：河南省自创区创新引领型产业集群专项--高端装备制造项目(181200210200)“轨道交通驱动齿轮装置创新及产业化”.

摘　　要：从铸造工艺技术、熔炼处理技术等方面研究了轨道交通用QT400-18L(-40℃)球墨铸铁件的成套制造技术。研究表明:采用小颈保温冒口和保温覆盖剂以加强补缩效果可以有效消除铸件的缩孔缩松缺陷。严格的成分设计、精选炉料、优化配料是熔炼高温纯净铁液的前提条件,采用炉前热分析在线检测铁液的球化效果是保证铸件高质量和一致性的重要解决方案。采用新型盖包法球化处理装置、瞬时孕育技术和低镁低稀土球化剂、高钙钡孕育剂、硫氧孕育剂等,可以有效避免球化衰退,改善球化效果,增加石墨球数量和石墨化自膨胀效果。通过以上技术措施,生产了-40℃低温V型缺口冲击值稳定在12 J以上的齿轮箱、抱轴承盖等低温高韧性球墨铸铁件。The study of manufacturing technology of QT400-18 L(-40℃) nodular cast iron was carried out from the aspects of casting technology and smelting treatment technology. The researches show that the shrinkage cavity and porosity of castings can be effectively eliminated by enhancing the effect of solidification feeding with small neck insulation riser and cleaner agent. Strict composition design, selection of furnace charge and optimization of batching are precondition of smelting high temperature pure iron liquid. It is an important solution to test the spheroidization effect of molten iron on-line by thermoanalysis technology. By using the new spheroidization treatment equipment, instantaneous inoculation technique, low magnesium and rare earth spheroidizer, high calcium barium inoculant and thioxy inoculant, the nodularization degeneration can be effectively avoid, the spheroidization effect can be improved, and The graphite balls and graphitization autoexpansion effect can be increased. The ferrite ductile iron castings with high toughness at low temperature such as gear boxes and bearing covers can be produced with above technologies, and the V-notch impact values are stable above 12 J at-40℃.

关 键 词：轨道交通 球墨铸铁 低温性能 齿轮箱 球化处理 

分 类 号：TG255[金属学及工艺—铸造]