中国典型城市臭氧变化特征及其与气象条件的关系  

The Variety of Ozone and its Relationship with Meteorological Conditions in Typical Cities in China

作　　者：严晓瑜[1,2,3] 缑晓辉[1] 杨婧[3] 赵蔚[3] 徐青[1] 刘玉兰[1,2] YAN Xiaoyu;GOU Xiaohui;YANG Jing;ZHAO Wei;XU Qing;LIU Yulan(Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions,CMA,Yinchuan 750000,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Key Lab of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and reduction,Yinchuan 750000,Ningxia,China;Ningxia Meteorological Service Center,Yinchuan 750000,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室,宁夏银川750000 [2]宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750000 [3]宁夏气象服务中心,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《高原气象》2020年第2期416-430,共15页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41765006);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0210006);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2019BFG02025);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2018BEG03066)。

摘　　要：利用不同气候背景代表城市北京、沈阳、银川、成都、南京和广州6个城市2014-2016年臭氧质量浓度和同期气象要素数据,对典型城市臭氧(O3)浓度变化特征及其与气象条件的关系进行研究。结果表明:2014-2016年臭氧年平均浓度由高到低的顺序为南京>沈阳>北京>银川>成都>广州,3年间广州臭氧浓度呈下降趋势,沈阳变化不大,其他城市总体呈上升趋势,其中,银川增幅最大,北京增幅最小;臭氧浓度月变化特征受纬度影响较大,随纬度增高单峰结构越明显,且各月郊区臭氧普遍高于市区;各城市臭氧日最大值出现在15:00(北京时,下同)-16:00,最小值出现在07:00-08:00,但其峰值、谷值及日变幅有明显差异,广州全天郊区臭氧都显著高于市区,其他城市则不同,11:00-17:00间两者差别较小,成都、南京、银川郊区峰值浓度甚至略低于市区,其余时段郊区高于市区;6个城市影响臭氧变化最主要的气象要素均是气温和日照时数,其次是相对湿度,再次是风速,气温高、日照长、湿度低有利于臭氧生成,相对而言,对于日照时间较长的北京、银川和沈阳,臭氧对气温的变化较其他城市更敏感,且与风速呈弱的正相关,而对于气温、湿度较高的广州、南京和成都,臭氧与日照时数和相对湿度的相关性较其他3个城市强,且与风速呈弱的负相关;城区臭氧与气象要素相关性普遍较郊区好。Based on the ozone concentration and the meteorological elements data of the Beijing,Shenyang,Yinchuan,Chengdu,Nanjing and Guangzhou representative cities in 2014-2016,the variation of ozone concentration and its relationship with meteorological conditions in typical cities were analyzed and compared.The results showed that the average annual ozone concentration from high to low was Nanjing>Shenyang>Beijing>Yinchuan>Chengdu>Guangzhou during 2014-2016,and during these three years,the ozone concentration of Guangzhou decreased,the ozone concentration of Shenyang changed little,while the ozone concentration generally increased in the other cities,among which Yinchuan increased the most,and Beijing increased the least.The monthly variation of ozone concentration was greatly affected by latitude,the higher latitude,the more obvious the single peak structure of ozone concentration,and the ozone concentration in clean control point was generally higher than that in the urban area in all months.The maximum value of diurnal ozone all appeared at 15:00(Beijing Time,the same as after)or 16:00 for the 6 cities,and the minimum value mostly appeared at 07:00 or 08:00,but the peak value,the valley value and the daily variation were obviously different in different cities.The ozone in clean control point was significantly higher than that in urban area in Guangzhou all-day,but for another cities,the difference between clean control point and urban area was small during 11:00-17:00,and the peak concentration of clean control point in Chengdu,Nanjing and Yinchuan was even slightly lower than that in urban areas.The ozone had the strongest correlation with the temperature and sunshine time for all 6 cities,followed by relative humidity and the wind speed.The high temperature,the long sunshine and the low humidity were beneficial to the formation of ozone.In comparison,for the Beijing,Yinchuan and Shenyang with longer sunshine time,the change of ozone was more sensitive to temperature than other cities,and had a weak positive correl

关 键 词：臭氧 变化特征 气象条件 典型城市 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]