个体工商户之主体性质与责任承担问题研究——以民事诉讼法司法解释第59条为中心展开  

Research on the Subject Nature and Responsibility of Individual Business--Focusing on Article 59 of Judicial Interpretation of Civil Procedure Law

作　　者：王刚 WANG Gang(Law School,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学法学院,上海200438

出　　处：《河北法学》2020年第4期162-174,共13页Hebei Law Science

摘　　要：个体工商户已成为我国民营经济的重要组成部分。司法实务中个体工商户之主体性质及责任认定难以统一,既与实体法上对个体工商户主体性质界定的不甚明确有关,更有程序法上对个体工商户诉讼资格的观点转变影响。主要是民事诉讼法司法解释第59条与修订前的司法解释作了相反的规定,个体工商户应以登记的字号为当事人。司法解释对个体工商户诉讼资格的态度转变,引发司法实务上对个体工商户主体性质与责任承担的不同理解。在当前我国立法语境下,个体工商户分为登记起字号和无字号两种形态,应当根据《民法总则》及相关司法解释之规定内涵,对是否起有字号加以区分,尊重当事人意思自治和程序自治,准确列明当事人主体及进行责任认定。Individual industrial and commercial households have become an important part of China ’ s private economy. In the judicial practice, the subjective nature and responsibility of individual industrial and commercial households are difficult to unify,which is not only related to the unclear definition of the subject nature of individual business in substantive law, but also influenced by the change of procedural law on the litigation qualification of individual business. The main reason is that Article 59 of the judicial interpretation of the civil procedure law is contrary to the judicial interpretation before the amendment,and the individual industrial and commercial households should take the registered name as the party concerned. The change of judicial interpretation ’s attitude towards the litigation qualification of individual businesses leads to different understandings of the nature and responsibility of individual businesses in judicial practice. In the current legislative context of our country, individual businesses can be divided into two types:registered and non registered. According to the general principles of civil law and the connotation of relevant judicial interpretation,we should distinguish whether there is a business name,respect the autonomy of the party’ s will and the autonomy of the procedure,accurately list the subject of the party and identify the responsibility.

关 键 词：个体工商 字号 诉讼资格 主体性质 责任承担 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学]