毛竹竹原纤维的制备及其表征  

Preparation and Characterization of Natural Moso Bamboo Fiber

作　　者：范宏玥 陈礼辉[1] 苗庆显[1] 黄六莲[1] 周吓星[1] FAN Hong-yue;CHEN Li-hui;MIAO Qing-xian;HUANG Liu-lian;ZHOU Xia-xing(College of Materials Engineering,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou Fujian 350002, China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学材料工程学院,福建福州350002

出　　处：《林业机械与木工设备》2020年第5期37-41,共5页Forestry Machinery & Woodworking Equipment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目“竹基多维异型结构复合材料制造关键技术”(2017YFD0600802)。

摘　　要：竹纤维作为一种天然纤维,具有优异的力学性能、良好的抗菌性和透气性,尤其是在复合材料领域具有非常广阔的应用前景。试验采用蒸煮、挤压、开松、梳理等加工工艺制备毛竹的竹原纤维,以蒸煮温度、蒸煮时间、NaOH含量以及Na2SO3含量为变量,设计4因素4水平的正交试验,根据纤维得率和磺酸基含量的测试结果,筛选出最佳的毛竹纤维蒸煮工艺,并对制备的竹纤维进行纤维形态分析。研究发现,当蒸煮温度为100℃、蒸煮时间为2 h、NaOH含量为12%、Na2SO3含量为6%时,毛竹纤维的得率为89.08%、磺酸基含量为60.82 mmol/kg,最终制备的纤维平均长度为20 mm,平均宽度为0.07 mm。As a kind of natural fiber,bamboo fiber has excellent mechanical performance,good antibacterial activity and fine air permeability,especially showing very broad application prospects in the field of composite materials.The natural moso(phyllostachys heterocycla)bamboo fiber was prepared using such processes as cooking,squeezing,loosening,and carding,with cooking temperature,cooking time odium hydroxide content,and sodium sulfite content as variables,a four-factor four-level orthogonal test designed.According to the test results of bamboo fiber yield and sulfonic group content,the best cooking process for moso bamboo fiber was screened out,and the fiber morphology of the prepared bamboo fiber was analyzed.The study showed that in the case of cooking temperature of 100℃,cooking time of 2 h,NaOH content of 12% and Na2SO3 dosage of 6%,the bamboo fiber yield rate was 89.08%,sulfonic group content 60.82 mmol/kg,the mean length and mean width of the final prepared bamboo fiber were 20 mm and 0.07 mm respectively.

关 键 词：竹材 竹原纤维 化学机械法 制备工艺 

分 类 号：S776[农业科学—森林工程]