我国高等教育重点建设政策的历程与省思  

The Review and Prospect of the Key Construction Policies of Higher Education in China

作　　者：洪玉管 谢冬平[2] Hong Yuguan;Xie Dongping(Zhejiang Gongshang University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 310018,China;Honghe University,Mengzi Yunnan 661199,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学 [2]红河学院

出　　处：《中国教育科学（中英文）》2020年第3期95-105,共11页Education Sciences in China

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划国家一般课题“双一流背景下西部地方高校发展的制度支持研究”(项目编号:BIA190173)。

摘　　要：纵观新中国70余年我国高等教育重点建设政策演进,政府角色、资源配置方式、建设路径、制度运作模式等都发生了重大转变。制度自信日益凸显,但渐进式政策制定模式、政府主导的政策执行过程、效率优先的政策价值基础仍是我国高等教育重点建设政策的总体特征。由此,在政策实践过程中,呈现出关于“谁是主角、谁是配角、谁是参与者”、高等教育发展效率与公平以及制度运作的适度性等问题。未来,提高重点大学政策决策的民主与科学性,进一步明晰国家、地方政府和高校在重点大学建设中的权责,完善重点建设的制度体系与配套政策,处理好重点与特色的关系,平衡重点与非重点、公平与效率等关系问题将成为“双一流”建设推进的关键。Looking at the evolution of China’s key construction policies for higher education over the past 70 years,great changes have taken place in the role of the government,the way of resource allocation,the way of construction,and the mode of institutional operation.The government’s focus on higher education has gradually changed from“organized”to“co-organized”.During the key construction of higher education,the resource allocation method has undergone a gradual change from“planned allocation”to“market allocation”,and the system operation mode and platform has undergone a change from“unit system”to“project system”.Looking at the key construction of higher education in China,the focus of each period is different.This difference is reflected in the transformation of its construction path.That is,more and more attention is paid from focusing on supporting a university to discipline construction,while competition mechanism,performance mechanism,and market thinking gradually began to affect the key construction path of higher education.Institutional self-confidence has become increasingly prominent.However,the overall characteristics of the key construction policies of higher education in China are the gradual policy-making mode,the government led policy implementation process,and the policy value basis of efficiency priority.In the process of policy practice,there are some problems such as“who is the leading role,who is the supporting role,and who is the participant”,the efficiency and fairness of higher education development,and the moderation of system operation.In the future,improving the democracy and scientific nature of the policy-making of key universities,further clarifying the rights and responsibilities of the state,local governments and universities in the construction of key universities,improving the system and supporting policies of key construction,handling the relationship between key and characteristics,and balancing the relationship between key and normal,fairness and effi

关 键 词：高等教育重点建设 历程 省思 

分 类 号：G642.[文化科学—高等教育学]