内外定位冲突下刑事简易程序的实践困境及其再改革——基于判决书的大数据挖掘  

The Practical Dilemma of Criminal Summary Procedure and its Reform under Internal and External Role Conflicts:A Survey on the Big Data of Judgements

作　　者：龚善要 王禄生[1,2] Gong Shanyao;Wang Lusheng(Law School,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,南京211189 [2]东南大学人民法院司法大数据研究基地

出　　处：《山东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第3期22-32,共11页Journal of Shandong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“中国特色刑事法治发展指数研究”(15CFX032).

摘　　要：对超过300万份刑事一审判决书的大数据挖掘显示,肇始于2012年的刑事简易程序改革并未完全实现预期目标.从内部视角看,刑事简易程序适用率和诉讼效率持续下降,作为改革重要内容之一的简易程序合议审始终保持低位运行,潜力未被充分释放.从外部视角看,简易程序独任审与速裁程序相比在效率、量刑等方面处于明显劣势.简易程序合议审与普通程序相比只在效率上具有优势,在对被告人程序选择有重要影响的量刑维度上,两者之间并无实质差别.刑事简易程序遭遇的上述实践困境是由改革过程中内部定位冲突与外部定位冲突的合力所致.下一步改革的目标是,明确刑事简易程序的制度定位,将简易程序独任审与速裁程序融合.同时,推动简易程序合议审与认罪认罚的衔接.Through the data mining of more than 3 million first-instance judgments of criminal procedure,it shows that the criminal summary procedure reform initiated in 2012 has not fully achieved the expected goals.From the internal perspective,the application rate and litigation efficiency of criminal summary procedure continue to decline,and the summary procedure of collegial panel,which is one of the important contents of the reform,has always been kept at a low level and its potential has not been fully released.From the external perspective,the cases under summary procedure tried by a sole judge are obviously inferior to the fast-track sentencing procedure in efficiency and sentencing.Compared with the ordinary procedure,the advantage of summary procedure of collegiate trial is only in the single efficiency dimension,and there is no substantial difference in the sentencing dimension which has important influence on the defendant’s choice of procedure.The above practical dilemma of criminal summary procedure is caused by the role conflicts of both internal and external dimensions in the process of reform.The next step is to re-define the role of summary criminal procedure,and integrate the summary procedure of sole judge trial with fast-track sentencing procedure.At the same time,the convergence of summary procedure of collegiate trial and the system of acknowledgment of guilt and acceptance of punishment should be promoted.

关 键 词：简易程序 速裁程序 普通程序 定位冲突 实证研究 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]