未来教育之教学新形态:弹性教学与主动学习  

The New Instructional Form of the Future Education:Flexible Instruction and Active Learning

作　　者：黄荣怀[1] 汪燕 王欢欢[1] 逯行 高博俊 HUANG Ronghuai;WANG Yan;WANG Huanhuan;LU Hang;GAO Bojun

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部,智慧学习研究院,北京100875 [2]西南大学国开大教育信息管理与信息系统研究中心,四川成都610073 [3]西南大学教育学部 [4]《现代远程教育研究》编辑部

出　　处：《现代远程教育研究》2020年第3期3-14,共12页Modern Distance Education Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学重点课题“人工智能与未来教育发展研究”(ACA190006)。

摘　　要：为了遏制新冠肺炎疫情的传播,全球大部分学校被迫关停,大规模在线学习成为"停课不停学"的不二选择。这次超大规模的在线教育实践,呈现出以弹性教学和主动学习为基本特征的新型教育教学形态,不仅凸显了教育信息化的价值,也成为我们共同定义"未来教育"的一个契机。总结校园关闭期间线上教学的有益经验,适时保护和发挥好广大教师应用技术的热情,改进课堂教学方式,可大幅提升技术与教育教学深度融合的成效。随着线上教育与线下教育的深度融合,基于弹性教学时空和多元教学方法的弹性教学以及面向个性化培养的主动学习将成为未来教育的新"常态"。弹性教学为学习者从被动学习向主动学习的转变创造条件,而主动学习的倡导有助于自主学习能力的养成,是迈向未来教育的基本动力。通过弹性教学和主动学习,学习者能根据自己的学习需求,自定步调地进行个性化学习,实现以完成复杂现实任务为目标的真实学习。To restrain the spread of COVID-19,most schools around the world have been closed.Online learning on a large scale becomes the best choice for schools to resume learning.This educational practice with a very large scale has become a new educational form characterized by flexible instruction and active learning.This new form not only reflects the value of educational informatization,but also provides an opportunity to explore the futures of education.Summarizing the beneficial experience of online learning during the campus closure period,promoting teachers’enthusiasm to use ICT technologies,and improving instructional methods can help increase the effectiveness of integrating technologies into instruction deeply.In the progress of merging online and offline learning,flexible instruction(based on flexible time,space and diverse instructional strategies)and active learning(oriented by personalized learning)will be the new normal of education in the future.Flexible instruction provides the necessary conditions to convert passive learning into active learning.Promoting active learning is beneficial for the development of self-regulation competency,which is the basic drive to bring education to the future.Through flexible instruction and active learning,learners can implement personalized learning with individual pace according to their own needs,so that they can involve in authentic learning with a goal to complete complex tasks in real life.

关 键 词：未来教育 教学形态 弹性教学 主动学习 智慧教育 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]