2017年涪陵区中小学生视力监测结果分析  

Monitoring results of eyesight status of primary and middle school students in Fuling District of Chongqing City in 2017

作　　者：鞠登会 JU Deng-hui(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fuling District,Chongqing City,Fuling 408000,Chongqing,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市涪陵区疾病预防控制中心,重庆涪陵408000

出　　处：《中国校医》2020年第4期251-252,256,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市涪陵区在校中小学生视力不良现状,为制定相应的干预措施提供依据和参考。方法按照分层随机抽样方法确定涪陵区35680名在校中小学生为调查对象,根据《学生健康检查技术规范》(GB/T26343-2010)的方法进行双眼视力检查,并判断视力不良的程度。结果视力不良检出率为52.68%,其中女生视力不良检出率(55.93%)明显高于男生(49.66%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);城区学生视力不良检出率(54.50%)明显高于农村学生(47.81%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);小学低年级组(1~3年级)、小学高年级组(4~6年级)、初中组、高中组视力不良检出率分别为25.63%、39.88%、67.09%、77.97%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);轻度、中度、重度视力不良构成比分别为24.46%、16.12%、59.42%,女生重度视力不良构成比高于男生,而轻度和中度视力不良的构成比低于男生(P<0.05);重点学校学生视力不良检出率高于非重点学校,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论涪陵区中小学生视力不良现状不容乐观,近视防控形势严峻,相关部门应加强联防联控工作力度,采取多种预防控制措施保护中小学生视力。Objective To investigate the prevalence of poor eyesight of primary and middle school students in Fuling District of Chongqing City,in order to provide a reliable basis and reference for the prevention of students'poor eyesight.Methods A total of 35680 students in primary and middle schools were selected by the stratified random sampling method.According to Technical Standard for Physical Examination for Students(GB/T 26343-2010),the eyesight of the students was examined and the extent of poor eyesight was estimated.Results The prevalence of poor eyesight was 52.68%,and the prevalence of poor eyesight of boys(49.66%)was lower than that of the girls(55.93%),and there was a significant difference(P<0.05);the prevalence of poor eyesight of urban students was 54.50%,which was higher than that of the rural students(47.81%),(P<0.05).The prevalence rates of poor eyesight of primary grades group,(at the age of 7-9 years),high grades group(at the age of 10-12 years),junior high school group,and senior high school group were 25.63%,39.88%,67.09% and 77.97%,respectively,and there was a significant difference among them.The constituent ratios of mild poor eyesight,moderate poor eyesight,and severe poor eyesight were 24.46%,16.12%,and 59.42% respectively.The constituent ratio of severe poor eyesight of the girls was higher than that of the boys,but the constituent ratios of mild poor eyesight and moderate poor eyesight of the girls were lower than those of the boys(P<0.05).The prevalence of poor eyesight of the students in the key schools was significantly higher than that of the students in the non-key schools(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of poor eyesight of primary and middle school students in Fuling District of Chongqing City is extremely high and the poor eyesight status is not optimistic.Therefore,the relevant departments should take more effective prevention and control measures,including myopia health education,for students.

关 键 词：中小学生卫生保健服务 视力 低 视力普查 

分 类 号：G478.2[文化科学—教育学]